I realize this may not be what you're looking for, and far be it for me to challenge the wisdom of folks who know more - probably a lot more - about the electromagnetic spectrum than I do, but I bought a $15 "indoor" digital TV antenna for us to use at home (in Long Beach, CA) and it works very well.
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00INHG5QA
It works well enough that we use this in combination with a Channel Master and a 2 TB external hard drive, and we cut our cable.
We do not miss cable at all and are saving money each month.
Despite its claim of being "multi-directional", I found that it really only works when the flat plane is oriented roughly perpendicular to the transmitters (on top of Mt. Wilson for most over-the-air stations in the L.A. area). However, it works magnificently 99% of the time. Weather does seem to impact it, for certain stations/channels.
Anyway the main thing that seems to affect the reception with our $15 (admittedly indoor) antenna is its installed height off the ground. I ended up placing it in an upstairs window, routing the cable to our TV downstairs.
I may, one day, buy a small TV for the boat, just to exclusively watch sports or whatever while at the dock. If/when I do, I will experiment a bit but plan on hoisting it, a-la-radar target, from one of our flag halyards.
Ghetto-looking? Yes. Effective? That's all I care about.
YMMV.