PSA: Battleborn

Sep 11, 2022
128
Catalina 34 mk 1.5 Rockland ME
Hi all,

This is not entirely news, but Battleborn - which was previously considered among the higher quality LiFePO4 brands - appears to have some serious design issues. These recent Will Prowse videos are quite alarming. If you currently have Battleborn in your boat, consider switching out or at least inspecting your pack ASAP.


Yet another example of how the systems built around lithium batteries can be more dangerous than the batteries themselves. Also that expensive does not necessarily mean high quality.

Though, while we're on the subject, another recent (and very cool) video reminds us why this doesn't mean you should just go buy the cheapest ones:
 
Apr 25, 2024
828
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Another way to look at this is as a testament to the relative safety of LFP, compared to other lithium chemistries such as LCO, NMC, and NCA. This failure would have been catastrophic with one of those chemistries. These failures are ugly but still no thermal runaway. Yet another reason it is important to not talk about "lithium" batteries as if they are one thing.

That said, regardless of the inherent safety of LFP, these defects in Batteborn batteries, if legitimate, are obviously not acceptable. I don't have a lot of trust in a YouTube commentator that is incentivized to sensationalize. He might be sincere and diligent, but he is not incentivized to be fair and accurate - just popular.

I wouldn't trust or mistrust Battleborn any more or less than any other manufacturer. Supply chains are so chaotic right now, for mostly political reasons that have nothing to do with businesses that might or might not be diligently trying to make a good product. So, I treat most products with approximately equal caution.
 
Apr 8, 2010
2,231
Ericson Yachts Olson 34 28400 Portland OR
Interesting story. For now I am glad to have an excelent working "mature technology" lead-acid battery system in our boat. I am sure that someday I will want to change to "lithium chemistry" storage, but it seems like every calendar date is just a stop-off on the way to future safety and reliability... and the destination keeps moving away... :(
The moment about supply chains seems spot on, as well. :(
 

Johann

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Jun 3, 2004
570
Leopard 39 Pensacola
I wouldn't trust or mistrust Battleborn any more or less than any other manufacturer. Supply chains are so chaotic right now…
No other name brand has shown such a poorly engineered product, and their design has nothing to do with supply chains. The issues with the BB12100 have been known for at least 5 years, and the design doesn’t seem to have changed. The latest video from Will also shows similar problems with the GC2 model.


Here’s ANOTHER guy with BB12100 issues…


 

colemj

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Jul 13, 2004
1,036
Dolphin Catamaran Dolphin 460 Mystic, CT
For now I am glad to have an excelent working "mature technology" lead-acid battery system in our boat.
I've never felt safe with lead-acid batteries. The second most dangerous battery chemistry to have on a boat.

AGM fire.jpg


Exploding battery.jpg


Meanwhile, here are some 3.2V lithium iron phosphate batteries that were charged to 100V(!!!!!)

Cells after 100V charging.jpg
 
Apr 25, 2024
828
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No other name brand has shown such a poorly engineered product, and their design has nothing to do with supply chains.
Two separate issues: design and supply chain challenges. My point was that you don't know what actually goes into most batteries, even with the best design. Most (not all) manufacturers of lithium batteries are still fairly nascent and the motives for cost-cutting are high. Even the best-intentioned manufacturers have difficulties maintaining consistent quality with the parts and materials they source.

This leads to high variability that is mitigated only by a thorough QC process, which most manufacturers cannot or will not perform.

Which is why I say I don't mistrust Battle Born any more or less. They "might" have a design flaw. (I don't get my science from YouTube presentors.) But, every battery from most manufacturers has a level of risk inherent to a combination of the exacting requirements inherent to battery design, and the challenges of supplies chains as they pertain to QC.

Part of the problem with singling out a brand is that it assumes a great deal. Nobody makes batteries entirely in-house and many components they source from suppliers are difficult to properly test. Honestly, designing or assembling a battery is not difficult. I have done this several times. Doing it at scale with appropriate QC on all components plus the assembly - that's the challenge.

I haven't seen anything that leads me to believe that Battle Born batteries have any inherent design flaws. Note, I'm not saying there are none - just that I have no credible information that leads me to believe there necessarily are any. The guy in the first video makes some vague points but some are nonsensical or non-issues. The only thing I saw that was truly a problem was potentially an assembly issue - the fact that connections were loose. I have no idea if they shipped loose or if the guy making the video thought it would be more dramatic to show them loose.

The RV guy gives nothing indicating a design flaw. His issues are clearly QC-related and most likely due to inconsistent cell quality from a cell supplier to Battle Born (they don't make those cells). The only thing that really troubles me there is that:
  • The most likely cell issues might have surfaced if the cells had been individually tested. Though, cells are pretty much closed-systems when they arrive from a supplier. Hard to know exactly what is going on inside.
  • The warrantee experience he described is pretty sketchy. I don't know how else Battle Born could service a warrantee in a way that protected them from abuse (intentional or unintentional), but the guy has a valid point that he would have to gamble several hundred dollars that the company would do the right thing, with no real recourse or appeal process open to him.
  • The batteries are assembled in the U.S. That might be comforting to some people, but this is one situation where "Made in America" isn't that great. This is because the constituent components are still largely made by automated processes outside of the U.S. So, these are subject to transparency and economic challenges relating to the supply chain - having nothing to do with the assembler. The most labor-intensive part - the assembly (and hopefully the QC) - is done in the country with the most expensive labor. This means that you are paying more and probably not getting any better quality. But, more troubling, is that it makes the profit margins really tight - making the incentives to cut corners extremely high. Those corners usually come in the forms of having fewer people with more responsibilities. QC is the first thing to slide, when this happens.
 

colemj

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Jul 13, 2004
1,036
Dolphin Catamaran Dolphin 460 Mystic, CT
They "might" have a design flaw. (I don't get my science from YouTube presentors.)

I haven't seen anything that leads me to believe that Battle Born batteries have any inherent design flaws.
Doesn't sound like you have seen the other videos from several people supporting the design flaws. Battleborn batteries are deeply, deeply flawed in design. So much so that one wonders WTF they were smoking.

This isn't "science", it is just basic engineering and reasoning. Would you put a 1/2" piece of plastic between your battery terminal and the cable lug and rely on the connecting bolt to carry all the current between them (and make that connecting bolt aluminum as well)?

Would you make series connections between groups of parallel cells by just pushing their terminals together against a paper thin sheet of metal foil with no clamping force?

This also has nothing to do with supply chains, as it is an inherent design defect. Doesn't matter who made the bits, or the quality of the bits - it is the way those bits were designed to be assembled.

Battleborn isn't alone with bad design. There have been examples of cheap off-brand batteries containing undersized cells with cement weights to make them seem larger, inappropriate types of cells, undersized wiring, cheap low quality BMS, etc. However, Battleborn is not a cheap off-brand battery. They positioned and marketed themselves as the best design and quality in the business, and priced their products accordingly.

It turns out they are a scam with a dangerous design.

Mark
 

Johann

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Jun 3, 2004
570
Leopard 39 Pensacola
The most likely cell issues might have surfaced if the cells had been individually tested. Though, cells are pretty much closed-systems when they arrive from a supplier.
Battleborn does individually test their cells. They do a good job of matching them for capacity and resistance.

The batteries are assembled in the U.S. That might be comforting to some people, but this is one situation where "Made in America" isn't that great. This is because the constituent components are still largely made by automated processes outside of the U.S. So, these are subject to transparency and economic challenges relating to the supply chain - having nothing to do with the assembler.
The foreign made cells are the bright spot in the battery. They are suffering severe overheating with no reported thermal runaway. The plastic is melting around them. The tin on the busbars is melting off and the connections are charring. But the cells are just fine.
 
Apr 25, 2024
828
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Battleborn batteries are deeply, deeply flawed in design.
OK, but saying that doesn't prove it. I can find people complaining about issues, but those issues seem to have more to do with QC than design. Not saying QC isn't important - it definitely is. But to say that the design is flawed is different from saying they have manufacturing problems.

This isn't "science", it is just basic engineering and reasoning.
What do you think is the difference between science and engineering?

Would you make series connections between groups of parallel cells by just pushing their terminals together against a paper thin sheet of metal foil with no clamping force?
No, but I haven't seen any evidence that Battle Born has either. Again, a YouTube video is not credible evidence. At most, it is sufficient evidence to possibly warrant further examination - not to come to a final conclusion. Unless I personally inspect a battery or someone I trust does, I don't give the issue a lot of weight. You might not be as skeptical about what you see on the internet, but I'm just telling you where I am, personally, on the subject.

This also has nothing to do with supply chains, as it is an inherent design defect.
OK, what is that design defect and how do you know it exists?

They positioned and marketed themselves as the best design and quality in the business, and priced their products accordingly.
I think that's what gets Battle Born singled out. People expect better because they paid more. What people seem to miss is that they aren't paying for quality. They are paying for U.S. labor. Nothing wrong with that, but you should understand what you are paying for. Cost doesn't imply quality when comparing with manufacturers across different labor markets.

Again, there might or might not be issues with these batteries. I will reiterate - I don't know. I have seen nothing I consider credible that suggests there are systemic problems. Looking at more YouTube videos is unlikely to change that unless one is produced by someone I consider credible and they examine the issue objectively. Doing a quick search on YouTube brings up mostly Will Prowse (who is financially incentivized by the controversy and who commercially promotes competitive brands) or some random RV person.

So, all I'm saying is if there is some real credible evidence that there are problems, let's see it.
 

Johann

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Jun 3, 2004
570
Leopard 39 Pensacola
Again, a YouTube video is not credible evidence. At most, it is sufficient evidence to possibly warrant further examination - not to come to a final conclusion. Unless I personally inspect a battery or someone I trust does, I don't give the issue a lot of weight.
It's much more than just one YouTube video from one channel.

Are you seriously saying that you can't see the design flaws? Do you think all these channels made their own flawed batteries and then claimed they were BattleBorn batteries?
 
Apr 25, 2024
828
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It's much more than just one YouTube video from one channel.

Are you seriously saying that you can't see the design flaws? Do you think all these channels made their own flawed batteries and then claimed they were BattleBorn batteries?
I am saying, show me one credible source. The only in-depth source I am finding is Will Prowse, and there are some real problems with his evaluation.

On the other hand, Battle Born has UL 2054 certification, and I know the lab (LabTest) that (I believe) performed the certification. (They are just down the road, actually.) I consider LabTest more credible than some random YouTube people. People say and do all sorts of things online. Popularity doesn't make it true.

Yes, standards are based on known failure modes and specific test scenarios. So theoretically, a design with a novel flaw that doesn't manifest under those specific test conditions could pass. But, that is not what is supposedly being shown in these videos. They are showing supposed failures on known and tested failure modes. So, if I had to bet, I would put my money on the issues being overstated, and I think that is being generous.

I have to say, the position that YouTube is not a reliable source of objective facts - that shouldn't be controversial.
 
Apr 25, 2024
828
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Will Prowse does excellent work.
Possibly, but that is not on display in the videos I have seen. He either doesn't understand or intentionally misrepresents engineering concepts.
I think the proof is in the video.
It is not. What is in the video is what Will Prowse wanted to show. That is not proof. In fact, there are several key points that are fundamentally flawed.

Again, this really shouldn't be controversial.
 
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Jun 10, 2024
312
Hunter 240 Okanagan Lake
Watch the video showing the response from the manufacturer. They claim it to be a built in disconnect. Lol.

How many of these battleborn batteries do you own Foswick.
 

dLj

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Mar 23, 2017
5,028
Belliure 41 Back in the Chesapeake
Watch the video showing the response from the manufacturer. They claim it to be a built in disconnect. Lol.

How many of these battleborn batteries do you own Foswick.
Please post the link.

dj
 
Apr 25, 2024
828
. . .
Watch the video showing the response from the manufacturer. They claim it to be a built in disconnect. Lol.
Yes, that is a nonsensical claim. There is some clear backtracking on their part to try to reframe some questionable decisions as "features".
How many of these battleborn batteries do you own Foswick.
Zero.

Once again, I am not making the claim that there is or is not a legitimate concern. My position is that YouTube is not the place to get your information when objective facts matter.

I should say that I have done some further reading on the design and I do think there is a problem. It is not a deep design flaw, but one that could be easily remedied, though it would likely require recertification - which might be why they haven't done it.

The problem is twofold. The plastic separator, is part of it, but that is secondary to the real issue. That alone should not be a problem if overheating at the terminals doesn't occur. Sure, it isn't considered best practice to require current to pass through a bolt rather than via direct metal-to-metal contact on the bus. But, there is no reason that the bolt design shouldn't work just fine ... except the bolt is undersized for the expected current. (And, we have a dissimilar metals issue, too.)

That alone shouldn't cause overheating at modest loads - only as we approach rated current. In fact, I don't think anyone has claimed there is a problem when loads are kept in the 20A - 30A range. In all likelihood, you could run in this range indefinitely with no problems. Of course, that is well below the rated current.

I can see this as a questionable design decision, but if this was the failure mechanism, it should happen consistently across all batteries. But, that isn't the case. Many people use these batteries in all sorts of conditions with no problems. And, the design passed UL 2054 certification which will have tested up to and over the rated capacity.

So, this points more squarely at inconsistent assembly QC - probably exacerbated by a questionable bus design.

Yet, I will be frank that I don't know because I have no direct experience with the design, nor do I have information about it from a source I trust. My only point is that no one else here knows either, and that it is maybe not ideal to base your views and opinions on what you see on YouTube. I think there is enough anecdotal evidence to warrant a closer look, but not to condemn.
 
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Feb 26, 2004
23,308
Catalina 34 224 Maple Bay, BC, Canada
That alone shouldn't cause overheating at modest loads - only as we approach rated current. In fact, I don't think anyone has claimed there is a problem when loads are kept in the 20A - 30A range. In all likelihood, you could run in this range indefinitely with no problems. Of course, that is well below the rated current.
I've read this entire thread and appreciate your comments that question the validity of "single point You tube analysis." There is merit in your position, although I also believe that you are missing the point in your ^^^^ quoted comment.

Why?

Because while your point is perhaps valid many folks are installing LFP banks to provide adequate support for increasing AC loads including electric cooking. That alone will completely eliminate the ability to keep loads at 20-30A.

Also, I think you're being disingenuous about the absolute stupidity of that post design (sic). It is a design flaw. Period. And a major one. Heck, even those Luddite FLA guys got that part right!
 
Apr 25, 2024
828
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Because while your point is perhaps valid many folks are installing LFP banks to provide adequate support for increasing AC loads including electric cooking. That alone will completely eliminate the ability to keep loads at 20-30A.
Right, I felt that was implicit in my comment - that the bolt was underspeced and subject to failure below the current for which the battery is rated. This was a point in favor of evidence that a systemic problem exists - I can see that problem and quantify it.

It is still a mystery, though. That bolt should overheat consistently at a given load - not just in some batteries and not others - if that was the primary failure mechanism. As mentioned, the Battle Born position that this is something like a thermal fuse is ... well, let's just say it's creative. I will give them points for confidently and clearly stating something that makes no sense.
 

colemj

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Jul 13, 2004
1,036
Dolphin Catamaran Dolphin 460 Mystic, CT
OK, but saying that doesn't prove it. I can find people complaining about issues, but those issues seem to have more to do with QC than design. Not saying QC isn't important - it definitely is. But to say that the design is flawed is different from saying they have manufacturing problems.
The design is flawed. Period. There is no manufacturing problem.

What do you think is the difference between science and engineering?
I'm a scientist. I know engineers. While they both have science classes and some of the training and vocations intersect, the end results are different purposes. There are few scientists that make good engineers, and few engineers that make good scientists. It is the entire reason they are different fields and specialties.

They do work well together to solve problems, however. For example, it often requires a good engineer to design and build the intricate machines envisioned/discovered by a good scientist who knows how they work - NMR/MRI is a case in point. No engineer could have even imagined this, while few scientists could have built the magnets, rf generators, and stable power supplies necessary for it to work.

No, but I haven't seen any evidence that Battle Born has either. Again, a YouTube video is not credible evidence. At most, it is sufficient evidence to possibly warrant further examination - not to come to a final conclusion. Unless I personally inspect a battery or someone I trust does, I don't give the issue a lot of weight. You might not be as skeptical about what you see on the internet, but I'm just telling you where I am, personally, on the subject.
You seem to be participating in this topic without fully reviewing the available data. I understand you hate YouTube, but many of them just show the insides of the battery, where the design flaws are instantly obvious. Some of the reviewers do comment on it, and point out what is bad and why it is bad, but you are free to make your own judgement.

If you have seen these batteries opened up, and still do not see the design flaws, then all I can say is OMG!

OK, what is that design defect and how do you know it exists?
I mentioned the two major design flaws. I know they exist because I have seen the tops taken off several batteries and can see inside.

And not to put too fine a point on this, but Battleborn themselves responded and said the batteries were intentionally designed this way. The reasons they gave are engineering malpractice and more CYA to prevent their business from going under, but these responses are also available, and you can make your own interpretation.

To reiterate, the first flaw is that there is a large 1/2" plate of plastic between the battery terminal (busbar in this case) and the main power lug (what is presented as the main terminal to the outside user). The only way current gets from the busbar to the main terminal is through a 8mm aluminum bolt and nut.

This is the equivalent of putting a 1/2" piece of plastic between your battery terminal and the power lead lug, and connecting the lug to the battery with an aluminum bolt.

The second design flaw is that 4 battery cells are built from 15 cylindrical cells in parallel each, and these are then connected in series for the 12V nominal. This isn't a bad design. What is the design flaw is that they decided the way to connect these plates of 15 cells in series was to put a thin piece of metal foil between them and push the plates together. There is no uniform clamping force keeping these plates together or in contact with the metal foil between them. To make this worse, there in not one, but 30 individual contact points between each pair of cell plates that need constant contact with the metal foil.

Mark
 
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