Capt.Dean,
A few more thoughts...
Rich- Thanks. I love when someone can take my simple cheap solution and capitalize on it and turn it into a great simple cheap solution. Since I have turned my setup over to my grandson, who is successfully using it to receive wifi from his bedroom desktop, I will be using the housing/USB cable setup you describe when I redo this for my new boat this fall. The shielded antenna cable I used reportedly allows for signal degradation. Didn't have anything to gauge that against, and felt my signal was more than adequate, but using the USB cable will eliminate that, so why not?
Using a built-in wifi card. Most of these (not all, MOST) are very weak and work for short range only. In a traveling situation, the signal would be rapidly lost, if you could get a connection at all.
I do have a Verizon air card, and this worked quite well in areas on the ICW where towers allowed cell signals. It did work in Charleston Harbour, for example. Unfortunately, I could not surf the web in these places while underway. I had to remain at the helm, or topside, as a second pair of eyes in busy areas. There were remote areas where I could have gone below to surf, upload, and e-mail, but there were no towers in the wilds of the ICW stretches, so I had no air card cell signal. I might add that in these areas, I generally had no wifi signals broadcasting either, unless there was a large motor vessel traveling with us that was putting one out.
My point is, there are flaws and gaps with anything you choose. With the wifi setup Rich and I describe, possibly augmented with an air card, there will be very few times that you won't be in touch with the Internet.
And listen to Rich about the height of the antenna. You DON'T want it anymore than 20 feet of your deck, or you will actually miss all those wifi signals you are trying to receive.
Good luck with getting your wifi solution that is right for you. You will be amazed at the results when it is in the boat and you are surfing the web.