Repairing lifeline connection

Aug 17, 2013
1,337
Pearson P30 202 Ottawa
Good point legally speaking, I did get my lifelines modified by the same person who made them, so it is all good in that sense, the gates, are rated for the same or more than the SS lines.
I do get what you say, if we are talking about a commercial vessel it is totally different than a personal vessel.
But you still have to inform the guests about the dangers, as I believe every captain/owner of a personal vessel should give safety briefing to their guests especially new ones coming aboard.
 
Feb 26, 2004
23,465
Catalina 34 224 Maple Bay, BC, Canada
I believe every captain/owner of a personal vessel should give safety briefing to their guests especially new ones coming aboard.
Good point. I always tell my guests: "Treat the edge of the deck like a 500 foot cliff." That's really all they need to know.
 
May 10, 2022
57
Catalina 22 Swing Keel Puget Sound
There is a liability issue to consider. If your life lines are professionally duplicated the company carries insurance and in the event of an accident with injuries their insurance would be involved. If one does it on their own I can image the line of questioning in a legal proceeding. "How many lifelines have you replaced? Where were you trained? Did you have your work inspected by a professional? Etc.
I don't like doing things to cover me from legal risk. But sometimes you have to consider risk management. In the book Atlantic High WFB details a legal case against him when someone drowned after falling off his boat due to lifeline failure. If I recall correctly the installer of the life line system ended up with the lump of coal.
I think there are several separate issues getting mixed together here.

First, having lifelines professionally fabricated doesn't somehow transfer all responsibility from the boat owner to the rigger. It may introduce another potentially responsible party if defective workmanship actually causes an accident, and the rigger may carry liability insurance, but that's quite different from saying the owner is protected because a professional did the work.

More importantly, whether a lifeline is structurally sound is fundamentally a question of design, materials and workmanship—not simply who held the crimping tool.

What wire was used? What is its breaking strength? What fittings and termination method were used? Were they installed correctly? What loads can the stanchions and their attachment points actually withstand? Was the finished installation properly inspected?

There's also an interesting problem with the William F. Buckley example. I went looking for the incident being referenced. It appears to be from Airborne, not Atlantic High. In 1971, Marvin Hayes fell from Buckley's yacht Cyrano after a lifeline he was sitting on failed. Buckley wasn't aboard. The reported problem was an incorrectly made termination by the rigger.

So the example being offered as a reason to have lifelines professionally fabricated is actually an example of a professionally fabricated lifeline failing because it was fabricated incorrectly.

But there's a much more fundamental issue here as it applies specifically to a Catalina 22:

The stock lifelines are only about knee high.

An adult standing or moving along the deck has his center of gravity well above them. The lifeline doesn't have to fail for the person to go overboard. It can remain completely intact and simply become the fulcrum over which he tumbles.

That's actually why SERENITY doesn't have lifelines.

For the way I use my boat, I consider knee-high lifelines more of a trip hazard and a potential false sense of security than something I want to depend upon to keep me aboard. That's my own risk-management decision; I'm certainly not suggesting everyone else has to make the same choice.

I'm a singlehanded sailor, so my priority is preventing the fall in the first place: good handholds, good nonskid, staying low when conditions warrant it, using a tether and appropriate attachment system when necessary, and arranging the boat so I don't have to make unnecessary trips onto the foredeck.

I would much rather consciously operate a boat knowing there is nothing between me and the water than unconsciously depend upon a knee-high wire to save me.

And there is one admittedly simple advantage to my system:

No lifelines = no lifeline problems. ;)
 
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Aug 2, 2026
30
Catalina 22 Hudson River
Thanks everybody! I'm sending my one frayed lifeline out to be remade. Not for these liability reasons, but because I think it will save me time and money in the end.
 
May 10, 2022
57
Catalina 22 Swing Keel Puget Sound
One more thought occurred to me about the Buckley accident...

The man who went overboard reportedly couldn't swim, and he was sitting on the lifeline when it failed.

That raises what seems like a pretty fundamental risk-management question:

If I have someone aboard who can't swim, why is he casually sitting on the lifeline without a life jacket?

I haven't been able to confirm whether he was actually wearing a PFD, so I don't want to claim that he wasn't. But if he wasn't, that's another significant link in the chain that led to the tragedy.

It also illustrates why I'm reluctant to reduce an accident like this to simply, "The lifeline failed."

Accidents are very often a chain of circumstances and decisions. The defective lifeline may have been one link, but sitting on it, being unable to swim, and possibly not wearing a PFD are all relevant to understanding what actually happened.

Risk management ought to look at the whole chain of events.
 
Sep 17, 2022
228
Catalina 22 Oolagah
Good point. I always tell my guests: "Treat the edge of the deck like a 500 foot cliff." That's really all they need to know.
That’s great advice. I’ve been a bit more detailed and have followed basically the same ABC formula since my teenage years first with rental Sunfish, then Hobie Cats on Lake Michigan, my first owned boat, a sailing dinghy and finally, both of my C-22’s. I now tell new guests a bit about sailing and depending on anticipated wind speeds, about what role heeling plays in sail boat‘s operation. [This part of the routine is based on feedback from my now adult Nephew who remembers feeling uncomfortable on my first C-22 back when he was growing up.] As a seasoned “sailor” I am now more empathetic to non-sailors on their first experiences on a sailboat - I basically grew up with sailing so it‘s all natural to me.

I do explain that while I can always fully control the boat under all conditions without assistance, if my guests would like to participate in sail trim and act as ”crew” they are welcome to do so. Then I go into explaining how to wrap and safely trim the self tailing winches and then how to safely release them under control and prepare to tack and set up on our new course.

I also go into man overboard proceedures so that everyone new onboard knows that if that should happen to anyone, a flotation device will be immediately dispatched and the boat will immediately go into a MOB routine and return to rescue that person. I know that some of this can seem silly but when you are sailing on smaller land locked lakes practicing rescue skills should IMO be part of our sailing routine as you can never tell when conditions change and you find yourself or crew in an emergency situation.

In addition to the above, one should always have a rode prepared to help someone in need, get them off of their boat and secure in the comfort of your warm and dry cabin. Over the years I’ve come across a few folks in over their head (once again, on land locked lakes) with the wind conditions and needing assistance to get back to their marina. Dry towels should always be onboard for these ‘just in case” moments as hypothermia is a very real thing.

George
 
May 10, 2022
57
Catalina 22 Swing Keel Puget Sound
That's a very good point about hypothermia, George, and one that's particularly relevant to those of us sailing here in the Pacific Northwest.

Puget Sound stays cold year-round. Even during the warmer months, the water is still cold enough that an unexpected swim can very quickly become a serious problem.

And that's something I think is easy to underestimate. The immediate danger isn't necessarily hypothermia itself — cold shock, disrupted breathing, and the rapid loss of useful strength and coordination can become problems long before someone's core temperature reaches the clinical definition of hypothermia.

That puts a pretty unforgiving clock on a MOB recovery, particularly if you're singlehanded or sailing short-handed.

It's another reason I think preventing the person from going overboard in the first place deserves at least as much attention as figuring out how we're going to get them back aboard afterward. ;)
 
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Jun 8, 2004
3,024
Catalina 320 Dana Point
I had a friend who had engraved plaques attached, "DO NOT LEAN ON LIFELINES" which faced both the deck and the dock idlers.
 
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ShawnL

.
Jul 29, 2020
229
Catalina 22 3603 Calumet Mi
I strongly agree -- do not under estimate the effects of cold water. Several years ago I was kayaking with my son in a relatively protected bay on Lake Superior. In the middle of summer. We were crossing a bit of an open space and I took two rollers in fairly rapid succession and ended up going over.

Being relatively new to kayaking, I couldn't manage to get myself back in the boat (cross between a sit-on-top and a sea kayak). My son tried to help me, but in the end I decided any further attempts to get into the boat were risking putting him in the water as well. We were close enough to shore that I would have absolutely no issue swimming there. I am a strong swimmer, was a life guard, could swim a couple of miles in open water, etc. A two hundred yards wasn't a problem. The water was cold. That was a _really_ long swim. I wasn't in any danger, but by the end I was completely spent.
 
Sep 30, 2013
3,711
1988 Catalina 22 North Florida
Every time this lifelines pro/con subject comes up, an important distinction has to be made: are we talking about an original design boat, or a new design/MkII? They are two entirely different conversations.

Most original design C22's did not come from the factory with lifelines. And the original design has no indents in the toe rail for mounting stanchion posts. Therefor the posts have to be mounted inboard of the toe rail, hugely increasing the risk of breaking toes, tripping, and falling overboard. Or all three.

From Practical Sailor:

"The deck of the Catalina 22 is a decidedly unhandy working platform. The sidedecks are narrow and obstructed by jib sheets and blocks. The three shrouds per side effectively block access to the foredeck, and complicate headsail trim and passage of the jib across in tacking. In fact, so difficult is it to go forward on the 22 we recommend getting rid of the lifelines. They are already too low to offer anything but token protection and they anchor near the base of the bow pulpit where they give no protection. Instead, handrails should be installed on the cabin top."

Guys, hypothermia is a trivial matter compared to falling overboard on the hard. If you fall headlong over those "deathlines" while parked on pavement, you'll wish hypothermia was your only problem. A dry towel will not help a broken neck.

My opinion: the only reason for lifelines on an original design Catalina 22 is for the owner's *misplaced* peace of mind. You want 'em, by all means have 'em. Just make absolutely certain you fully understand that while they could conceivably save a life, they could also cause a fatality.

New design boats and MkII's are another matter entirely. Catalina Yachts created indents in the toe rail for mounting stanchion posts, moving them almost 2" further outboard and well out of the way. These newer-model factory posts also have a substantial outboard lean, unlike the vertical stanchion posts found on original design boats. The tripping hazard is extremely small, or believe me, I would have tripped on them a hundred times by now.

Actually, no. I would have tripped on them exactly TWICE, then promptly removed them. Which is precisely what happened with our first C22, a 1979 original design model. I saved the stanchion posts and the wires, which delighted the boat's next owner. He said he intended to reinstall them right away. :biggrin: