OK, here's the problem. The chainplate passes through the deck. That point at which it passes through can leak, allowing moisture to enter that space where the chainplate is passing through the deck. Two things can happen here, neither is good, but neither is necessarily a deal-breaker if you know what you're getting into.
One thing that can happen is that corrosion occurs, but just in the narrow space where the chainplate is actually passing through the deck. So, though the chainplate may look fine, it may be on the brink of failure where you can't see. Since the chainplate is discolored, that tends to suggest that some corrosion may have occurred. If this is the ONLY problem, the chainplate is easy enough to replace, and not prohibitively expense.
Now, also water can seep into the layer between the deck surface and the cabin ceiling. There is typically a layer sandwiched between two layers of fiberglass, and if water seeps in there, it can cause delamination and failure.
If you have corrosion of the chainplate, you probably have water in the deck. The inverse could be true but it is somewhat less likely. The surveyor should have used a water meter to tell you if there is moisture in the deck around the chainplate.
A little bit of moisture is not a big deal if you eliminate the problem and prevent it from repeating. If delamination occurs, it's kind of a big deal to fix, though not at all impossible.
So, if you buy the boat, regardless of what the problem turns out to be (if any), you really must:
- Remove, inspect, and rebed the chainplates. (Replace as needed.) You really shouldn't tolerate much corrosion here since failure can be pretty catastrophic. Any signs of cracking anywhere and you should have both inspected with die penetrant or just replace.
- While the chainplates are out, carefully inspect the area around the hole in the deck for any signs of moisture, rot, delamination, etc. and repair as appropriate.
If there is not severe delamination, none of this is a big deal, but you really should pull the chainplates to find out.
Depending on the price of the boat, you may be able to convince the owner to pull at least one chainplate for inspection.
If it were me, I would just plan on a $1000 repair and budget that into my negotiation. If you do the work yourself and there is no problem, it could be only a few dollars and a weekend of work. But, if you take it to a professional to do major deck repair, you'll pay more than $1000 when all is said and done.