Any input on what having a documented boat gets me? I thought it was a advantage when going into Canadian waters.
Hate to disagree with
@jssailem on this as he is spitting distance from the border and has done the trip a few times, but a USCG documented vessel will not make entering Canada or returning to the US any easier. It certainly is not a passport for your boat. Documenting costs some money ($133), and must be renewed every five (?) years through a US government web page, which is somewhat of a pain. Documentation is useful for transferring ownership and is therefore a requirement for some financing as it makes overseas repossession and sales easier for the bank. Lots of advice on this site about costs and benefits of documenting your vessel. BTW, if you thought passports were slow, you have not met the USCG Documentation Center. Their web site says they are working on April 2022 applications for new recreational apps, but I have heard it takes a year to get a transfer.
If you want to (legally) use your VHF radio in Canadian waters, you must have a license. That said, they accept US licenses, which for recreational boats means a station license (SA) and a personal radio operators (RR) license. These are just forms you fill on the FCC site, and they send you an electronic document that you print out:
Ship Radio Stations I've personally never heard of anyone being troubled by the Canadian authorities for using their VHF radio to call the marina while on vacation in their recreational boat, but that's their law.
Since your boat is 30 foot or over for re-entry to the US, you must pay a US government user fee ($30 annual now). You may join the long line on this site in order to complain about having to pay a user fee to get your boat inspected, that they do not inspect the boat at all, that the fees keep going up, etc., but in the end you will pay the user fee like everyone else. They give you a sticker, which absolutely no one sticks anywhere but the number is used for the ROAM application. I don't know if it's cheaper if only used once, but check with CBP. You may pay at the time you try to get back in, but there is some delay and most people on the boarder just pay the annual fee if they go over more than once.
Read up on the US arrival stuff here:
Pleasure Boat Reporting Requirements
Decal transponder purchase for vessels over 30 foot ($30) DTOPS:
CBP DTOPS
USCG National Documentation Center:
National Vessel Documentation Center
USCG Documentation fees:
https://www.dco.uscg.mil/Portals/9/DCO Documents/NVDC/FEE SCHEDULE 12-21.pdf