White Squall

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Nov 22, 2008
3,562
Endeavour 32 Portland, Maine
This was a very instructive event even for a former researcher into large sailing vessel capsizings who has had a fair amount of salt water pass under him.

I was sailing up around the top of Passamaquoddy Bay thinking that it was as pleasant and nice a sailing day as I could remember seeing. I had just fallen off to a run past Hospital Island when I looked up and saw dark clouds. I watched them for a while and then decided they looked threatening enough to roll up the jib and set the lazy jacks in preparation for taking down the main. I got the port side set up and then thought to flip up my sunglasses and realized that it wasn't nearly as dark or threatening as it looked. The wind was actually going down and the sky was white and bright under clouds that were rapidly looking less threatening. I was going to be taking the main down soon anyway to go into Digdeguash so I left the lazy jacks set on the one side.

I had just been settled back at the helm for a couple minutes when I looked back upwind and saw a little circular wisp of spray rushing across the water. The only thing I have seen like it before was sailing close under the approach path at Logan Airport and seeing the wing tip vortex from a heavy jet hit the water. It was the same kind of small whirlwind lifting spray into the air as it rushed across the water. Other than that little bit of spray that I easily could have missed, everything looked benign.

I uttered a very nautical and traditional explictive, hit the starter, threw the engine into gear, released the main sheet, and sprang for the halyards in one motion. There were salmon pens just to leeward so running off was not an option.

I had the main about 3/4 down when it hit. It was an absolute wall of wind. None of that twitchyness that tells you a gust is coming, no detectable ramp up in velocity, just instant transition from gentle breeze to the strongest wind I have seen in Strider and probably the strongest that I have ever seen afloat that was not accompanied by thunder and lightning. The sea was instantly white with blown foam. With main alone fully eased and the sail half way down, Strider was rail down. The heel was so great that the wind was blowing the sail back up the mast and I was pulling the sail down against it. The leward lazy jacks were the ones that weren't set so the sail was thundering out to leeward. I got it down and the head secured. It took nearly full power to push the bow up and around into the wind. That blew the sail over against the lazy jacks I had set so it was a simple matter to set up the others and pull in the reefing pendants to secure the sail. I was then able to start motoring downwind around the salmon pens for the lee of the Digdeguash islands.

The boat felt strangely sluggish as I motored up into the anchorage. As I settled down after getting the anchor out and the sail stowed, I saw why. The dinghy was filled with water up to the thwarts. There wasn't a drop of rain connected with this event so I must have come very close to losing her.

Years ago, I was arguably one of the world's leading researchers and experts into the subject of stability and capsizing of large sailing vessels. I've heard lots about white squalls, of course, but never really sure that they were something that existed independent of lack of attention and watchfullness on the crew's part. Now, I know. I could have easily missed that one little bit of spray and there were no other indications of what what was coming out of what looked to be a rapidly improving sky. If I had been caught flat footed, which easily could have happend, I'm sure the boat would have suffered some significant damage.
 
Last edited:
Dec 25, 2008
1,580
catalina 310 Elk River
Roger,
Sounds like your astute observation save the day for you. The Chessy has a reputation of weather coming on strong with little warning, but nothing like what you have just described. What was the forecast?
 
Jan 13, 2009
394
J Boat 92 78 Sandusky
Sounds a lot like a microburst we encountered last summer. We experienced ours at night during a race. There were storms 20 miles to the west of us which we never encountered but the only warning was that the crew lost sight of the lights on shore to the south. We thought it was rain coming at us. Full sails up, 60 knots plus blast hits us, sails over the side along with the rig. The condition was gone in 4 minutes. I think the white appearance is caused by the high velocity of wind blowing straight down from the cloud and literally blasting the water off the tops of waves.
Friends on shore watching weather radar claim that they red and purple cells hopscotching across Lake Erie off the right edge of a giant thunderstorm. I now keep a close watch on weather radar from my Iphone if there are storms in the area of our sailing.
 
Jul 24, 2006
628
Legnos, Starwind, Regal Mystic 30 cutter, 22 trailer sailor, bow rider NEW PORT RICHEY, FL
Glad you made it thru unscaved Roger. When things of this nature arrive they are a test of ones metal. A true testimonial to your sailing skills. I wonder how it would have been had you had some crew aboard?
 
Nov 22, 2008
3,562
Endeavour 32 Portland, Maine
I wonder how it would have been had you had some crew aboard?
I'm sure I would have lost the rig or been sunk:)

Actually, seriously, that's a good possibility since I might have been paying more attention to the conversation and most crew would have been in the way.

Even if we had come through without damage, it would have been the last boat ride for most guests I've had on board.
 
Nov 22, 2008
3,562
Endeavour 32 Portland, Maine
What was the forecast?
The weather was so nice and perfect that I had stopped listening to forecasts for a couple days. People commenting on the wind at Eastport and back in Maine all indicated that it was a complete surprise. It didn't sound like any of them had seen the kind of wind I did though.

Does anyone know a Canadian forecast archive? Event happened to me at:

8/7/2009 3:01:02 PM N45 07.946 W66 58.293
 

Tim R.

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May 27, 2004
3,626
Caliber 40 Long Range Cruiser Portland, Maine
BTDT. I was caught in one of these about 9 years ago here in Portland. I was sailing my San Juan 21 through Diamond Roads. We were up against Great Diamond I. when the wind dropped to almost nothing. The sky had darkened a bit but did not look too bad(I have seen worse). I decided to drop the sails. Just as I got them down it hit. Exactly like you describe. Instant wind but we also had rain. By this time I was right in the middle of the channel. I started the engine and pointed the boat towards the boat house on Peaks. Then visibility went to about 20 ft. The rain was dense and hitting the water so hard that it caused an instant fog to rise off the water. We were heeled 25° under bare poles. Steering by compass towards Peaks I had my father raise the CB so we could beach the boat. We came upon a dock and tied up. When it all cleared I ended up a 1/4 mile DW from the boat club and the beach. We were lucky to find the dock as the shoreline at that point is all rock. A nearby J24 did not get his main down and capsized. It stopped just as quickly as it started.

I just looked up the weather history on that day. .38" of rain(in about 10 minutes) and force 8(fresh gale) wind gusts.
 

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Jun 7, 2004
263
- - Milwaukee
I've been through two of those on Lake Michigan. Neither was predicted by local forecasts or, really, by general "feel" for the weather. I felt that in both cases, the clash between the hot shore air and cold lake air exaggerated an existing but otherwise unremarkable minor frontal passage. Pretty wild, I'll say. I mostly did what seems like a good thing to do in any such situation: shortened sail (luffing until I could get it down) and trusted that the boat could take more than I could.
 

rockp2

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Apr 19, 2008
42
Hunter 22 Auburn, PA (driveway)
Roger,
Were you called in on the Albatross sinking? If so, and if you do not mind me asking, what was your opinion at the time? Did your opinion change or evolve after your own experience? -Herv
 
Nov 22, 2008
3,562
Endeavour 32 Portland, Maine
Roger, Were you called in on the Albatross sinking?
Read about it here:

http://books.google.com/books?id=XH...&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=2&ct=result

If that link got mangled in translation, look for the link on this page:

http://www.rogerlongboats.com/Stability.htm

No, this experience didn't change my opinion about Albatross, Pride, or Marques one bit. All three of those boats could have been capsized by much less wind than I experienced. I used to say that ships with poor stability get hit by microbursts and ships with good stability get hit by gusts. I still think it's one of my better quotes with a lot of truth in it. Still, what I saw could have seriously endangered a sailing ship of adequate stability if not properly handled.
 
Jun 4, 2004
255
Hunter 376 Annapolis MD
Given the interest in microbursts (white squalls)...
let me mention that I wrote an article that appeared in the Jan 88 issue of Sail magazine on what happens in a microburst and specifically how to handle it on a sailboat. I don't have it available to post it. If that issue of Sail is available to you, you might find it useful. The title is "What happens in a microburst", by Allan Frey, and it starts on page 37.

As I recall, Phil posted a copy on this web site in 2001 but I don't know if it carried over when the web site was changed.

Allan
 
Jul 20, 2005
2,422
Whitby 55 Kemah, Tx
my mentor told me "when ever the wind just dies, look around for changing weather. If you see any, drop your sails. If you are near shore, start the engine because you never know which direction the wind is going to come from next and how strong."
 
Jan 11, 2007
294
Columbia 28 Sarasota
Tim,

Where did you find those charts? I have not seen a more elegant presentation of barametric pressure / temperature. You can see instantly where the weather hit. Great charts. Make me want to get a barometer in my boat.

Ross
 
Nov 22, 2008
3,562
Endeavour 32 Portland, Maine
Given the interest in microbursts (white squalls)...
I don't think what I encountered was a microburst, the wind was pretty much the same direction over a very wide area although it may have varied a good deal in velocity from place to place.

Shortly after the "Pride" went down, everyone was waving their arms and shouting "microburst" which was a fairly new topic and big buzz word at the time. I had a phone conversation with the man who discovered them and coined the phrase and he told me that none of the precursors or proper conditions for them were present in the area where the ship capsized.

Microbursts are certainly real but, like metors, the probability of encountering one is very low due to their rarity and small coverage area. In all my research into sailing ship capsizings, I could not get microbursts on to the suspect list for a single one.

Regarding metors: I have only heard a single anecdotal account of a ship or boat being struck by one. The person telling the tale to me personally was Irving Johnson however so I give it high credibility.

When he was going around Cape Horn on the Peking, they saw the trail and a huge hole appeared in a topsail. A couple minutes later a huge wave came up from leeward and hove the ship over so the cargo shifted. They spent several days shoveling to retrim the ship. He said he had told few people over the years because he didn't think anyone would believe him.

Winds of even less than what I saw splashing outwards from a central point in a small area would be a microburst. They can also certainly be much stronger. The straightline winds sometimes associated with thunderstorms can be stronger and do more damage than tornados.

I'd like to read your article and I hope Phil can repost or point us to it.
 
Jul 20, 2005
2,422
Whitby 55 Kemah, Tx
I wish they had little devices that would show the pressure on a chart like that. Say have it scroll to show the last 24 hours.
 
Dec 27, 2005
500
Hunter 36 Chicago
Sounds like something that happen to us Sunday

About 5 nm outside of Chicago we were experiencing some showers with gusting winds, nothing real hazardous. We were coming back from vacation in New Buffalo. The sky over Chicago started to darken and I told the admiral that I better drop sails. The storm over Chicago hit us about 5 minutes later (I had just gotten the main furled due to some issues with the furler turning block) with a 50+ knot gust, blinding rain and spray. Not sure how far we heeled over but everything went flying. Navy Pier recorded a 63 MPH gust so my estimate of 50+ knots is a WAG since I couldn't see the wind speed indicator due to the spray hitting my face. Scared the crap out of the admiral and didn't help my nerves much either. Just glad I didn't have any sail up or it would have been the last time the admiral ever set foot on the boat.
 
Sep 20, 2006
2,952
Hunter 33 Georgian Bay, Ontario, Canada
The weather was so nice and perfect that I had stopped listening to forecasts for a couple days. People commenting on the wind at Eastport and back in Maine all indicated that it was a complete surprise. It didn't sound like any of them had seen the kind of wind I did though.

Does anyone know a Canadian forecast archive? Event happened to me at:

8/7/2009 3:01:02 PM N45 07.946 W66 58.293

Roger, check Environment Canada weather.ec.gc.ca they have archive of weather locations.
 
Nov 22, 2008
3,562
Endeavour 32 Portland, Maine
This just in.

I just received the following from friends I had lunch with just a couple hours before the white squall event. I didn't see anything that looked like it was capable of producing a tornado, it was a totally dry event with no thunder or lightning. However, there definitely seemed to be rotation in the small whisp of spray I saw just before the wind hit. All the subsequent wind was completely straight line though.

Hi
Glad you made it through safley. We ran into some sailing friends on the wharf and had them on the boat for drinks when the wind hit, My friend is a retired fog specialist from UNB and he was giving us a play by play of what was going on. During the wind one little power boat sank in the harbour and one broke frr from its mooring. A sailboat got its rudder caught in the mooring line and looked as if it suffered some damage. I think the wind was gusting to 45- 50 K according to the Jolly Breeze. They were transiting Liitle Latite when it struck and claimed to see a tornado. We were in Ottawa on the weekend but willbe headed back on the weekend.

 
Dec 9, 2008
426
1980 Hunter 30 "Denali" Seaford, VA
A few weeks ago I saw a similar event on the Chesapeake, but from my parents back yard. I watched the water get lifted and start to rotate. I thought that it might actually form a water spout, so I ran to grab a camera, but when I got back it just kinda danced around blowing quickly from WSW and then was followed by a pretty strong gale and the water was completely transformed in a matter of seconds to a minute.

It happened pretty much as Roger described it, the sky was a little ominous, and I knew there was some weather around. I just happened to see this water swirling out there and then watched the windline approach rapidly behind it bringing white caps across what was fairly calm water before. There wasn't any rain associated with this until later we had some come through, and there wasn't any thunder/lightning that I remember (because I usually don't hang around outside when this stuff is going on).
 
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