Coax to antenna?
RF Feedback sounds like a good possibility. Let's see, you replaced the radio and tried transmitting at sea and by hooked up to AC dockside. That leaves only the DC input going low while transmitting and perhaps a broken shield on the coax line or RF connector. The radio would still receive in both conditions, but may have problems when transmitting. Is there and way of trying a different antenna and feedline? If you know any ham radio operators that work 2 meter VHF, they may have a mag mount antenna for you to try. Temporarily place the antenna as far from the radio as you can get. I doubt you have a metal to place it on, but you could try something like a cookie sheet. Try transmitting for a short duration and check for buzz with your handheld receiving.If that doesn't stop the buzz, check the DC voltage at the radio while transmitting as suggested by Don.Good luck.