Too bad there isn't an alternative to tasting it.
Yep, you will have to taste it to find out if it is salt or fresh. I had the problem a few years ago, and I panicked a bit. After tasting it, I found out it was fresh. I then tracked down every fresh water hoses and connections, and that wasn’t it. I then put strips of paper towels below every hatch, window, port, and waited for a big rain. It ended up being the mast. Water came through the deck where all the mast wiring came through. The water followed the post all the way down into the bilge. I then used a water hose to spray the bottom of the mast, hoping it wasn’t water coming down from the top of the stick. I ended up deciding not to use a mast boot, and just wrapped the bottom of the mast with white tape to cover up the access holes, and that stopped it. If the water tastes salty, then shut off all of the thru-hulls, remove and dry the water from the bilge, and put down paper towel or newspaper in the bilge, and sit and wait. With a gallon every 6 hours, you shouldn’t have to wait too long to see wet spots in the paper towels.By the way, is the water in the engine bilge? Is the stuffing box too loose?If the water is coming up by the keel bolts, you can have the boat yard tighten them using a torque wrench, a big honkin torque wrench. They can find out what to torque it at from the boat’s maintenance manual.Don’t worry too much. It can be sealed. My bilge is bone dry all year around, except for the engine bilge, that should have some water in it.