Same for New Hampshire, ever looked at a chart for Lake Winnipesaukee?
http://www.lake-winnipesaukee-travel-guide.com/map.html
Not only do they have 4 types of markers, they use black as one of the colors, good luck spotting a black buoy at night!
I can't speak for Ken, but for me, too close is when the give way vessel (assuming it is another sailboat, and I am not racing them) is going to pass less than 3 to 5 boat lengths away from my established course (depending on conditions) at our closest point of approach. If I have to alter course in anyway to ensure this minimum distance, then I get angry.
If it's a powerboat and making a wake, I expect the minimum 200ft separation at all times, and anyone that comes within 400ft throwing a large enough wake that i need to turn into it I consider a total *****. I will get on the radio and call powerboats out for passing within 200ft if they both make a big wake and I can read the name on their hull. Have reported a few to the CG when they passed within 50 ft...