If the core is OK, just fill the holes
with a little epoxy resin thickened with silica or linen fibre, or use just resin first to seal things up, then Marine Tex, JB Weld, or other good putty, then drill new holes for next size bigger screws, or through bolts if you can get to the other side.It sounds like the screws were not strong enough for the force when somebody kicked or fell or sat on the hatch.Look at the hatch and prop carefully. Think about what forces caused the screws to fail. Maybe through bolts are a good idea, or there's some way to keep the strain off the screws, like take off the prop and add a strap to hold the hatch open by slipping it over something on deck..