Clogs don't necessarily fill the toilet discharge line completely...pumping the toilet is pulling air in from the tank.
Fwiw, solid waste is 75% water, so it dissolves very quickly in water. so most clogs will dissolve on their own in about an hour. The ones that don't are usually something that shouldn't have been flushed.
--Peggie
So is it likely a clogged discharge line? It only occurs while poop is in the bowl, not after its cleared the bowl. We don’t put anything we haven’t eaten in the toilet. TP goes in the trash bin. Plenty fiber, soft poops. If the discharge line were clogged, wouldn’t it happen even when the bowl is clear? (This never happens).
My gut (sorry) tells me the flapper valve is getting blocked by poop (regardless of hardness) and results in the down stroke pushing effluence back into the bowl (less resistance) rather than through the joker valve (greater resistance). The messy question is where the air bubbles come into the picture. It seems to me they are not coming from any point downstream of the joker valve. Their source could indicate the problem. Worn piston ring allowing air blowby with the upstroke? Worn piston ring would result in less negative pressure to suck effluence past flapper valve too. Then the downstroke could push the air (which entered the piston via worn piston ring) back into the bowl.
The piston ring seemed fine on last inspection, and the toilet has otherwise flushed fine, with the piston ring seeming to function fine, but what the heck?
And I should have mentioned this before, but I changed to a 3 point Jabsco joker valve because I had heard they work better than the Raritan joker valves. Maybe the Jabsco one is tighter and results in more back pressure against the pump?