Cracked gel coat below the waterline

Sep 4, 2007
781
Hunter 33.5 Elbow, Saskatchwen, Can.
Good Morning
I have a 1993 Hunter 33.5
This fall when loading it onto the trailer one of the pads flipped and went unnoticed until the boat was out of the water. It was the aft pad that did the damage. now I have to figure out how to fix this.
Do you think I will have to grind down just the crack or is the entire area compromised? Any suggestions?

sailboat crack.jpgIMG_8861.jpg
IMG_8861.jpg
the boat
sailboat crack.jpg
 
May 17, 2004
5,848
Beneteau Oceanis 37 Havre de Grace
Any way to tell what it looks like on the inside? If you can see the inside and there’s nothing structural there (no grid or stringers, for example) and the crack isn’t through, then I think the fix isn’t so bad. You could probably just grind the cracked gelcoat away at a bevel. Then build it back up with epoxy and glass, fair, prime, and paint. If there’s anything structural on the inside or you can’t tell then it may be a bigger issue.
 
Sep 4, 2007
781
Hunter 33.5 Elbow, Saskatchwen, Can.
Thanks
I'll have to have a closer look inside. I think it's under the aft berth. I may just grind the gel coat down with a Dremel for a better look.
 

colemj

.
Jul 13, 2004
779
Dolphin Catamaran Dolphin 460 Mystic, CT
When the gelcoat cracks and stays proud like in the picture, it is almost likely to be damage in the underlying laminate.

It may be a perspective thing, but that gelcoat looks like it is sticking out 2-3mm.

What does "pad flipped" mean? It was up on edge and the hull was resting on a thin hard support edge?

Mark
 
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Sep 4, 2007
781
Hunter 33.5 Elbow, Saskatchwen, Can.
Yes Mark the pad was standing on edge and the hull was resting on the edge of the pad. The gel coat isn't sticking out that far maybe 1-3 mm. but it has me concerned that the underlying laminate maybe damaged. If it pushed the hull in enough to crack the gelcoat that maybe a soft spot now.
 

colemj

.
Jul 13, 2004
779
Dolphin Catamaran Dolphin 460 Mystic, CT
Hulls can flex more than one would think without damage, but the gelcoat usually cracks differently than that looks like. I would have expected more of a spider web type of crack, or at least radiating cracks. Yours seems to have come apart in a shelf. However, it does look like that crack is right where the edge of the pad would have been, so maybe the pad edge only allowed one dimension of cracking, and that crack edge just lifted off the laminate a bit.

Could be either way, but if you can access it from the inside, and/or grind off that gelcoat around the crack, you will see the condition of the underlying laminate.

I wouldn't worry about a "soft spot". It will either be fine, or you will see damage.

Mark
 
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Jan 19, 2010
12,748
Hobie 16 & Rhodes 22 Skeeter Charleston
You are not going to have any peace of mind until you open that up and take a look.
 
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Likes: marcham
Jun 17, 2022
363
Hunter 380 Comox BC
In my experience, when there is displacement of the gel coat (ie, you can feel the crack when dragging your finger across), then the glass underneath is compromised, as the damaged glass prevents the gel coat from returning to it's original location.

If left unrepaired, the hull is likely weakened and water ingress will further affect it's integrity once it's back in the water.

Take an angle grinder and taper it off, to see what's what. The repair is relatively simple and only takes a few hours...

1) Grind it down to where there is no crack in the glass, From about 1" from any edges of clean glass, taper out to about 8".
2) Take a sheet of plastic, overlay it, use a marker to template your glass
3) Cut your glass, you're probably looking at 3-5 layers if it's where I think it is. Proposed layup : biaxial, biaxial at 90 degree to the first, woven roving, biaxial, chop strand mat.
4) The last layer should be chopped strand mat, use peel ply on top of the last coat (easier to sand smooth and won't show through the gel coat like cloth woul
5) Sand if require to match hull contours (use a 1 yard straight edge to read the contours), A flexible straight edge is also useful to bend around and find high spots.
6) 2-3 coats of gel coat (colour is not critical, as it won't be seen), last coat waxed
7) Wet sand
8) Polish
8) Interprotect 2000E
9) Bottom paint

Good as new.

Probably 8-12 hrs of work, tops, depending on your experience. About $150 in materials, plus supplies (rollers, squeegee, mixing pots, brushes, etc...)

If the fiberglass is pink/red on the inside of the hull, your boat is likely made of vinylester. This is a superiour product to polyester resin, as it's more waterproof. But for such a small repair and with Interprotect on the outside, polyester resin will do fine.

Given where you are and ice fishing is just around the corner, unless you can get the boat inside, I'd wait to April to make the repair. Then hord that part of the boat so that you can keep it warm (with your ice fishing hut propane heater :) ) while the layers cure.

Your challenge will be where to put the boat? You might be able to keep it on the trailer if you can prop up bulkheads ahead and aft of the repair area, so that you can remove that pad, that would still leave parts of the trailer likely in your way to make an easy repair. If you don't have the clearance to remove the pad, you'll likely have to crane it off the trailer and put it on stands to effect the repair. If it was me, I'd get it craned off and placed on jacks.
 
Last edited:
May 17, 2004
5,848
Beneteau Oceanis 37 Havre de Grace
In my experience, when there is displacement of the gel coat (ie, you can feel the crack when dragging your finger across), then the glass underneath is compromised, as the damaged glass prevents the gel coat from returning to it's original location.

If left unrepaired, the hull is likely weakened and water ingress will further affect it's integrity once it's back in the water.

Take an angle grinder and taper it off, to see what's what. The repair is relatively simple and only takes a few hours...

1) Grind it down to where there is no crack in the glass, From about 1" from any edges of clean glass, taper out to about 8".
2) Take a sheet of plastic, overlay it, use a marker to template your glass
3) Cut your glass, you're probably looking at 3-5 layers if it's where I think it is. Proposed layup : biaxial, biaxial at 90 degree to the first, woven roving, biaxial, chop strand mat.
4) The last layer should be chopped strand mat, use peel ply on top of the last coat (easier to sand smooth and won't show through the gel coat like cloth woul
5) Sand if require to match hull contours (use a 1 yard straight edge to read the contours), A flexible straight edge is also useful to bend around and find high spots.
6) 2-3 coats of gel coat (colour is not critical, as it won't be seen), last coat waxed
7) Wet sand
8) Polish
8) Interprotect 2000E
9) Bottom paint

Good as new.

Probably 8-12 hrs of work, tops, depending on your experience. About $150 in materials, plus supplies (rollers, squeegee, mixing pots, brushes, etc...)

If the fiberglass is pink/red on the inside of the hull, your boat is likely made of vinylester. This is a superiour product to polyester resin, as it's more waterproof. But for such a small repair and with Interprotect on the outside, polyester resin will do fine.

Given where you are and ice fishing is just around the corner, unless you can get the boat inside, I'd wait to April to make the repair. Then hord that part of the boat so that you can keep it warm (with your ice fishing hut propane heater :) ) while the layers cure.

Your challenge will be where to put the boat? You might be able to keep it on the trailer if you can prop up bulkheads ahead and aft of the repair area, so that you can remove that pad, that would still leave parts of the trailer likely in your way to make an easy repair. If you don't have the clearance to remove the pad, you'll likely have to crane it off the trailer and put it on stands to effect the repair. If it was me, I'd get it craned off and placed on jacks.
I agree with all of those steps, but personally I’d modify them a bit to use epoxy instead of polyester. Epoxy isn’t really compatible with chopped strand mat, so I’d just be using biaxial for all the layers. The main reason I’d switch is I think for someone with little fiberglass experience getting a good epoxy bond to the substrate is a little more reliable. It also lets you use just the epoxy/glass layers with a barrier coat primer; no need for the gelcoat step. Epoxy is more waterproof so using it underwater is a safer bet. I get that there are a couple disadvantages of epoxy, but I think in this case the disadvantages are mitigated. Epoxy resin will be a little more expensive than polyester, but in the quantity needed for this repair the difference is not so bad. Also epoxy has a much longer shelf life so you can use the same batch for the next repair in a couple years rather than needing to buy fresh polyester. The epoxy approach will be harder to fair since you can’t use CSM for the last layer, but this is underwater and being covered by antifouling so an absolutely perfectly fair surface isn’t critical. Putting gelcoat over epoxy isn’t easy but again below the waterline you can skip the gelcoat anyway.
 

colemj

.
Jul 13, 2004
779
Dolphin Catamaran Dolphin 460 Mystic, CT
6) 2-3 coats of gel coat (colour is not critical, as it won't be seen), last coat waxed
7) Wet sand
8) Polish
Skip steps 6-8. Gelcoat adds nothing here except time, and if the repair is done in epoxy, gelcoating over it adds a lot more time and risk of failure. It is being covered by Interprotect anyway.

If the fiberglass is pink/red on the inside of the hull, your boat is likely made of vinylester.
Can't go by color. I've used colorless/yellowish, red, green, and blue vinylesters (and polyesters). The coloring is added by the manufacturer to either differentiate among products or as an indicator that changes color when catalyzed (an aspect greatly appreciated by anyone who has ever forgotten to add catalyst in a batch when doing dozens of batches in a large layup).

Mark
 

colemj

.
Jul 13, 2004
779
Dolphin Catamaran Dolphin 460 Mystic, CT
Use a biax with mat and put the last layer on mat out. Skip the woven roving entirely - that is a weak layer when combined with biax. Don't worry about the biax orientation or orienting layers, particularly if using the more popular 45/45 version.

Mark
 
Jun 21, 2004
3,043
Beneteau 343 Slidell, LA
Hunter did not use vinyl ester resin in the outer layers of lay-ups during that time period. Only way that vinyl ester would be present would be if the boat had boat pox & the gel coat and outer laminate were peeled & replaced with lay ups with vinyl ester before application of barrier Coating. So, you should be dealing with existing gel coat & polyester laminate.