I can't help with the way to attach the top of the topping lift to the mast, as I have a 23 and it has an aluminum mast crane that may be different from yours. The boom does have the 3 sheaves like in the illustration.
One improvement you may want to consider if you intend to run a longer line through he boom: cut the current TL so it is about 2 to 3 feet short of the end of the boom when it is horizontal (I don't know if yours is wire like mine or line). Attach a small swivel block to the bottom end of this shortened "standing" part of the TL. Tie the new TL line to the end of the cast fitting at aft end of the boom, run it up through the swivel block and then down, routing it through the sheave and up the boom as diagrammed. That won't help with the issue of having to go forward to adjust it, but does give you a 2 to 1 mechanical advantage, making it easier to raise/lower the boom and also there would be half the force trying to "unjam" the jam cleat lever. Personally, I have not had mine slip even when tightening on the main sheet, but I do use a stopper (via the coiling of the excess line).
I also fashioned a sort of "line cleat" with a small nylon horn cleat and some screw eyes, that I clamped to the "running" TL line about 3 inches above where it ties to the boom aft fitting. I can pull in the TL from the cockpit, and tie it off to that cleat for convenience and temporary boom raising, and later go forward to adjust it at the jam cleat. That is mainly so I can lift the boom after lowering the main, so I can deploy my (oversized) bimini under the boom.