whats the best reaction

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Nov 22, 2008
3,562
Endeavour 32 Portland, Maine
great responses and reading...i will study up on all the terms you guys use...lol...ok my vang is fixed on my traveler just before cabin door and other end is 2/3 down the boom where its fixed
Sounds to me like you are describing the main sheet. A vang is a heavy tackle, often stronger than the main sheet (which hauls the sail in and out) that runs from near the base of the mast to the boom at a 30 - 40 degree angle. They never attach to the traveler although some on very sophisticated race boats go straight down to a separate circular track on deck. The purpose of the vang is to hold the boom down and put tension on the sail independent of the main sheet.

...the traveller only has 1 ft each side of center...which i didn;t think is enough to spill a gust if i moved it all the way over...but i will have to try it
Don't try it. Your traveler is way too short to sail the way Rich describes. You'll have to sail my way until you've spent about a grand on rigging components. Don't worry, it's an easy and classic style that will get you there almost as fast. If there was another identical boat along side you would see an difference but it won't add up to much per mile. BTW if you don't have a vang as described above, do get one. Even if not used to fine tune sail shape, they will greatly reduce the loads and likelyhood of damage in an accidental jibe and make intentional jibes much easier. The also keep the boom from sawing up and down in waves.

can i just turn downwind if the heavy gust has me?
Only if you let the sails out at the same time. We've been talking here about gusty condtions. Here's something to try in steady, moderate winds. Sail to windward and then turn immediately let the sails out and turn down wind. Then haul them in and go back to close hauled. You will see why "running off" is such a time tested tactic. The wind isn't magically increasing and decreasing as you change course. Instead, your boat speed is being added and subtracted from it. Having the jib collapse as it is blanketed behind the mainsail is also an instant reef.

This isn't a gust response tactic but something you do if there is a sudden unexpected increase in wind speed such as a squall or frontal passage that leave you with your sails mostly out and flogging while the boat was still overpowered. In such a situation, your speed and control will gradually decay without very delicate helmsmanship.

Wind speed increases as the square of the velocity. So, 20 knots with 4 due to boat speed closehauled is 24 knots and 2.3 pounds per square foot of pressure. A 5 knot speed increase brings the pressure up to 3.4 psf, nearly a 50% increase. If your heel angle was 20 degrees and you did nothing, it would go to about 30 degrees.

Running off, the boat speed, now maybe 5 knots, is subtracted so a 25 knot wind becomes 20 with a pressure of 1.6, a 30% reduction in pressure despite an increase of 5 knots in wind speed as measured by an gauge on an island nearby. Not only that, but the heeling forces of the wing pressure are dramatically reduced or eliminated.

Another aspect of these dynamics is to be very careful about heading down the lake or offshore with the wind behind you. Many people have gotten in great trouble and even died because they were sailing along pleasantly, turned around, and then wondered why the wind chose that exact moment to become a gale they couldn't deal with. It was simply these dynamics at work.
 
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BrianW

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Jan 7, 2005
843
Hunter 26 Guntersville Lake, (AL)
I am learning tons from reading this thread! I have a followup question. I have an H26 which is fairly tender in response to sudden gusts. I have no traveler. What is the best IMMEDIATE response. A gust hits me and I already let out the main sheet so much the aft end of the boom is in the water. I am in a 45 degree heel. The rudder is mostly out of the water and has no response. What is the proper next immediate steps after exclaiming, OH SH*T! Thanks all for sharing you experience! Brian
 
May 9, 2005
19
Oday -34 Arnold, MD
I learned to sail on a Flying Tern although now I sail a very forgiving ODay 34 ... I can still hear my dad "HEAD UP HEAD UP HEAD UP" oh wait... your tiller is out of the water. "OH SH*T" is appropriate... but, what should happen is that as you heel over further the sail will present less and less of itself to the wind, you'll pop back up in a moment, the rudder will dig in again and then you can head up.
 
Nov 22, 2008
3,562
Endeavour 32 Portland, Maine
What is the best IMMEDIATE response.
Immediate won't entirely do it. You need to start learning the clues that a gust is coming and anticipate. The dark patch on the water rushing towards you is easy but not always present. Watch for the slight change in wind direction, a twitchiness in the way it feels on your cheek. It's easy early on to be in sensory overload and not notice these things.

Primarily, watch the angle of the mast against the horizon. At the slightest increase, start easing the PRESSURE on the helm to let the boat come up enough to stop the angle increasing. Just keep relaxing helm pressure until the mast angle comes back to where it was. You keep doing this throughout the gust without worrying too much about tell tales and luffing. If you anticipate you won't actually have to steer the boat towards the wind, she'll do that for you. Think "pressure" on the wheel or tiller; not steering like a car.

In sudden and unanticipated gusts, or if you let the heel angle increase too far, you may have to steer briefly upwind but the boat will be trying to go this way anyway so it must be just a quick pulse to reduce the heel and a quick snatch back to keep from rounding up too far.

Strive to steer for the optimum constant heel angle and not let it change very much. You'll need this skill anyway even if you someday buy the fancy traveler and racing gear and have the energy and/or crew to play the main in and out to control heel while keeping the jib at the optimum angle of attack. Letting the main out on the traveler won't always be sufficient. When sailing the way Rich describes, the helmsman has to be aware of what the sheet tender is doing and start heading up as I describe when the traveler reaches its limits. Your traveler starts out essentially at its limits so you just start feathering up immediately.
 
Nov 22, 2008
3,562
Endeavour 32 Portland, Maine
hope this is in the right forum
Say, is that your boat in the picture? Does the boom attach to the mast above the lower corner of the main sail? This would be a sprit rig and they generally don't have vangs since the sail extending below the boom acts as a vang.
 
Dec 29, 2008
806
Treworgy 65' LOA Custom Steel Pilothouse Staysail Ketch St. Croix, Virgin Islands
Rich, I like your discussion about blading the main with the traveler. We sail a ketch (or more likely, a schooner), and when we are properly trimmed, we steer by blading the mizzen, never even touch the wheel, which we let freewheel. we keep the sail shape, and adjust the angle of attack with the traveler.

With respect to reefing, which is a major task on Resolution, a very wise person once told me, "if the thought occurs to you, 'I wonder if we should put in a reef?', then you should put in a reef." That is when you should do it. Otherwise, if you wait until it is obvious, you will be thinking, "I wish I had put that reef in a few minutes ago, when I first thought of it." Now you are trying to reef when conditions are much worse, and when you already need the reef to be there. And, it occurs to you, "I wonder if I should put in another reef?", well then...

I like several comments above, "reef early and often". Kinda like voting in Chicago...
 
Jul 18, 2009
274
marine clipper 21 ft santa ana Southern Lakes,Yukon
Say, is that your boat in the picture? Does the boom attach to the mast above the lower corner of the main sail? This would be a sprit rig and they generally don't have vangs since the sail extending below the boom acts as a vang.
you nailed it...so now i guess i dont have a boom vang...my unit is pully set up with the rope passing through and getting pinched in two jam cleats to adjust the downward tension on the boom...probably about 50/60 degree angle from midway down the boom to my traveller...i am certain my boom to mast attachment is above the lower corner..i will double check back at the boat this weekend..but im darn sure...so what is it l have...mainsheet what..???...ps...my wife Shirly so far has 5 pics in my album and soon will be downloading the max amount to have you guys help me more..:)...even my repainting ones...lol...you guys are great...thanx Roger...
 
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