Reefing the Main - HOW???

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May 2, 2008
254
S2 9.2C 1980 St. Leonard (Chesapeake Bay), MD
I posted a question (with pictures and diagram) asking about how to reef the main on my S2 9.2C. I have gotten some suggestions but am still looking for more specifics. If anyone can assist, please check the post on S2 Owner's Forums.

Thanks!
 
Sep 19, 2006
643
SCHOCK santana27' lake pleasant,az
reefing a main

do you have reefing equipment ?( the extra grommets going across the sail and the hooks at the goose neck ?) it's really self explanatory unless these are not present than its not an option. unless you do it the old fashion way and wrap it around the boom a couple of times :neutral:
 
May 2, 2008
254
S2 9.2C 1980 St. Leonard (Chesapeake Bay), MD
Re: reefing a main

Yes, the main has one set of reefing grommets. I have everything, I just need to know how to run the rope to and attach it to the sail.
 
Jun 13, 2005
559
Irwin Barefoot 37 CC Sloop Port Orchard WA
Gary, there are several ways to reef a main so I'll try to give you a reasonable explanation.
First, the grommets across the sail are of two types. Cringles are the oversize grommets at the luff and the leach; and the smaller grommets across the sail are called the reef points. The reef points are there to secure the excess sail when it is reefed and each one normally has an individual line through the hole with a figure eight knot on each side to prevent the line from pulling through. Each line is made long enough to wrap around the boom if you have a slotted boom or long enough to go around the foot rope of the main if you have track and slides on the boom.

The reefing is actually done with the luff and leach cringles. The main halyard is slacked to allow the luff cringle to drop down to the boom where it is secured by the luff reefing line as close to the tack pin as possible, and the leach reefing line secures the leach cringle at the same height as the luff cringle, while also pulling the foot tight. In times gone by these were separate short lines and may still be; but normally today, the leach cringle is pulled into place with a single longer line which goes from an attachment on one side of the boom, up through the cringle and back down to a block on the side of the boom opposite to the attachment point, and is lead forward to a can cleat or similar. The placement of the attachment and the block are such that when the cringle is down to the boom it is held down and aft at an angle that keeps it down while the foot is flat.

The luff cringle may be pulled down by a cunningham with or without a hook and held forward, or by a separate line secured on the mast below the gooseneck, run through the cringle, and back to a cam cleat opposite that line's attachment point.

By substituting blocks for the two cam cleats, and with the addition of other blocks you can run both of these lines back to the cockpit, and secure them there.

Once these lines are drawn tight you have to retighten your main halyard and you have completed a reef. Ypu will however have a fold of mainsail hanging and flopping around your boom which you may now tie up using the lines through the reef points. A reef knot is a square knot, and you should not use it, but instead use a slippery reef knot, which is like a reef knot with a loop so that you can pull it out quickly to shake out your reef.

The next improvement you might make is to go to single line reefing which replaces the two reefing lines with one. This is sometimes quicker but sometimes requires a winch to overcome the extra line drag.

Hope this helps

Good luck

Joe S
 
Nov 22, 2008
3,562
Endeavour 32 Portland, Maine
Although the boom section is different, it appears that you have Kenyon in boom reefing exactly like my boat. My boat is on the tender side and I often set my wind vane which needs good balance so I reef often. You can set this up so it is a snap and you'll find proper main size greatly increases the speed and comfort of your sailing.

First, the run of the lines and gear.

Your sail should have a short length of tape webbing run through each of the two luff reef cringles with a large ring sewn into each side. If it doesn't, have a sailmaker add them.

Hook the ring on one side into the hook on the gooseneck, stretch the sail back with the corresponding reef cringle, and put a piece of tape on the boom at the point where the cringle lands. You will need to decide which side you want the reef line to exit the boom so come back to this step later.

Install an eye strap on the OPPOSITE side of the boom about two inches aft of the tape mark and 1 - 2 inches down from the track. The reefing pendant goes up through this eyestrap and is secured with a Figure 8 knot. You can splice in an eye if you want a neater appearance. The pendant goes under and around the boom, through the cringle, back through the sheave in the boom end and then forward through the boom to exit the gooseneck on the opposit side from the eyestrap. The second reef pendant is done the same way in mirror image.

It looks in your pictures as though a PO might have brought the reefing pendants out through the side of the boom. Scrap this arrangement. It's dangerous.

The pendants come out through the gooseneck and around the sheaves. Remove or disable the lever cams (I see that's already been done in your case). They are a huge pain and you'll be constantly running back and forth. You can't get enough downward pull with this arrangement to reef easily. You should also contact Rigrite http://www.rigrite.com (I checked and didn't see them on the SBO site. I think Rigrite makes them.) and get the covers that keep the lines from coming off the goosneck sheaves. Otherwise, they will jamb every time you go to un-reef. Look in the Kenyon In Boom Reefing section. You can simply remove the springs to disable the cams. If you remove them, you'll have to make a substitue axle or a spacer.

My pendants are led back to the cockpit and I highly recommend this. You often need the power of pulling from a standing position and it minimizes the time spent on deck or cabin top. If you have a cabin top winch you can lead the first reef pendant to, put it on that side. A line clutch works best for the reef pendants but a cam or regular cleat will also work.

You will need turning blocks close the aft base of the mast. An easy way to attach these is to used a slightly larger shackle (if necessary) to attach your vang to the mast bail and then simply shackle a block into it on each side. Locate additional turning blocks out to each side as necessary to lead aft. I have a third block rigged the same way for the topping lift which looks a bit kludgy but works great. An adjustable topping lift is an essential part of easy reefing so add this feature if you don't have it. Leading it aft as well is a great convienience.

Reefing:

Roll up the jib if you are shorthanded. It calms everything down and the boat may jog along unattended under main alone.

Snug up the topping lift and lower the sail to bring the cringle down enough to hook into the gooseneck hook. You only need to hook one side. Rehoist and tension the luff. I prefer my halyard winch and cleat on the mast instead of led aft to the cockpit because it make reefing much easier when sailing without a trained crew. Otherwise, the ring will pop out by the time you get back to the cockpit.

Slack off the boom vang and top up the boom so the end is about a foot above the normal position. Haul the reefing pendant tight and make fast. Slack topping lift and re-tension vang. The reef points only need to be tied for neatness so you can delay this step if you need to get on course again. They do help to flatten the sail slightly. Insert the points between foot and boom; not around the boom. It makes tying the knots easier.

Second reef is done the same way. You should have reef points of different color or different line type, 3 strand and braid, (for identification in the dark). Forgetting to untie one will tear your sail when shaking out a reef.

Tie in the reef points on a windward course with vang and sheet tight and then fall off if your course is in that direction. Having the sail full and boat steady makes this part much easier and safer.

Shaking out is easy. Untie the points. DOUBLE CHECK each one is free. Snug up topping lift, slack pendant. Then slack halyard just enough to unhook the ring and hoist. Over topping the boom a bit will make the hoisting easier.

That's all there is to it:)
 
May 2, 2008
254
S2 9.2C 1980 St. Leonard (Chesapeake Bay), MD
Thanks for your very detailed response - I will have to read it numerous times to digest it all. But I am still a little confused. First, my North sail has only 1 set of reefing attachments, so let's just concern ourselves with putting in 1 reef. I am still confused as to what to do with the EYE STRAP - does it take any force? 2nd, I am confused as to what the cleat on the side of the boom is for. My current setup is - there is a wire to rope outhaul going from the gooseneck/mast to the boom end - not a problem, I know what to do with that in normal sailing conditions. There is a 'pendant' that goes from the port side gooseneck/mast to the port side boom end with a short tail coming out of a sheave at the boom end. There is a longer 'pendant' that goes from the starboard side gooseneck/mast to a sheave at the starboard side boom end and then back into the boom and exits the starboard side of the boom. This is where I am confused - where do I take this end of the pendant and how does it interact with/attach to the reef cringle, eye strap and cleat? I am assuming that the current setup was done by Kenyon when the boom was manufactured and would prefer to use it as designed rather than trying to modify things. Thanks for your help!
 
Nov 22, 2008
3,562
Endeavour 32 Portland, Maine
It looks to me like someone has already modified your boom. The eyestrap is probably for the reefing pendant and the line coming out the side of the boom has no business being tied to it. The eyestrap takes the reefing pendant strain but it is greatly reduced by going around the boom. Some people just tie the line directly around the boom.

The sheave in the bottom center of the gooseneck is for the outhaul. There should be a tackle inside the boom with one block on the end of the wire pendant running through the center sheave at the boom end and the other block shackled to the axle for the (unused) cams on gooseneck. The fall leads out through the bottom sheave to a cleat on the boom centerline. If not installed, add one.

It looks as though you have a standing topping lift fixed at the mast head and boom. An adjustable one will make life much easier. Since you only have one reef, you can use the other reefing sheave to run the topping lift through the boom exiting the same as the reefing pendant on the other side and running aft. you will need to have the wire lift shortened about 18" and a new eye put in to attach a line to. If your topping lift does come down the mast and back to the cockpit, just leave it as it is unless you would like to get rid of another line down the mast.

Just forget the fitting that comes out the middle of the boom. I can't think of any good use for it. If there is a turning block inside the plate, you might need to remove it to prevent chafe of the lines inside. If so, just clean up and leave the hole. It's nice to be able to peer inside in case anything goes wrong.

I would be glad help you further. Since this is getting pretty specific to just your boat, perhaps we should do it off-forum. I'd prefer by direct email: strider@maine.rr.com

If anyone here really wants to follow further discussion. Let me know and we'll keep posting here.
 
May 2, 2008
254
S2 9.2C 1980 St. Leonard (Chesapeake Bay), MD
Is it possible that the pendant coming out of the side of the boom is a Cunningham control???
 
Oct 26, 2008
6,241
Catalina 320 Barnegat, NJ
Mine may be similar ...

Here are a few photos which may help. I have a Kenyon boom with Kenyon fittings as well. I think that you are describing a boom that is set-up for 2 reef settings. At the gooseneck end (tack) you should have 3 sheaves. The center sheave is for the outhaul and I think that has been described. The sheaves that are on the 2 sides are for reefing lines (pendants) that are led to the clew end. I also have the lever arms at the gooseneck end of the boom, but I find that when they are disengaged, they simply don't interfere.

I would bet that the cleat on the side of your boom is for the topping lift. You can see on mine that the topping is a wire cable that ends in an eye just above the boom. I have a small diameter line that is spliced to a pin at the fitting on the end of the boom, it leads to the small block at the eye at the end of the wire and then the line comes back down to a small cheek block on the end of the boom (on the other side - you can't see it) and runs forward to a cleat near the middle. You can see the slacked line for the topping lift hanging just below the boom.

I was also confused when we got our boat by the reefing rigging. I added a pad eye and a cheek block on both sides of the boom (which mimics a set-up that I have seen that is similar but mounted on a short track). I have it on both sides to enable reefing at two settings without having to re-thread lines. As you can see, the red line exits the port sheave at the end of the boom and runs directly up (you can see it just at the clew of the sail) to the reef cringle then down to the cheek block and tied off at the pad eye with a bowline. I have a green line that exits the stbd sheave but is not threaded to the 2nd reef cringle. Instead, I have it stopped with a figure 8 and pulled short (because we rarely use the 2nd reef). You can see the knot in the photo even if you can't distinguish the color.

I, too, hook the tack end of the sail on a hook at the gooseneck (using the eye strop). I find that this is simple to do and eliminates the friction loss from a single line reefing system. My reefing lines are also led down from the gooseneck to blocks (each side) at the base of the mast and then over to the deck organizers and back thru a clutch to the cabin top winch. I use the winch to tighten the reef down.

The problem that has developed is that the cheek block does not seem to be designed for the stress that is loaded on it. You can't see it very well but the post for the cheek block is distorting due to the load and the block is twisting toward the top of the boom. There has been no failure at the mounting of the block but the block itself no longer turns freely because the whole fitting has twisted slightly.

The other photo shows the sail folded in a reef. I never bother tying the reef points in the middle of the sail ... it seems to fold neatly on its own and doesn't need any additional attention.

The blue flag is painful reminder of the week I was flying my Cubs banner and they proceeded to lose 6 straight games in early September as soon as I put it up! I finally removed the flag and they began to win again ... but the playoffs are a sad history :redface: !!
 

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BobM

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Jun 10, 2004
3,269
S2 9.2A Winthrop, MA
I thought I had described this pretty well on the S2owners thread.

The line coming out the side is the outhaul. It is rope to wire and the wire exits out the middle sheave in the aft of the boom.

The wire end of the outhaul on the middle sheave connects to the cringle on the bottom of the leach of the sail at the normal attachement point for an unreefed sail.

The rope end of the outhaul is attached to the cleat that is on the side of the boom next to where the rope exits. Tighten it for a flat sail to dump wind and loosen it in light air for a fuller bellied sail to catch wind. The side of boom location puts it at a convenient location for adjustment when the boom is at the mid-line.

Regarding the new photos showing the forward portion of your boom...my guess is the the prevoius owner adulterated the cam clamps that typically appear on a Kenyon boom...you can see them in the photo but they are either damaged or far different than what I am used to. The clams are the half moon metal pieces that pivot with the teeth on them. The usually have small metal straight handles sticking down from them and when pivoted they pinch the reefing line against a nearby sheave.

It kind of lookes like the handles were removed and the white sheaves were added to run the reefing lines to the base of the mast and perhaps aft. It may be that the previous owner walked with a set of blocks that used to be attached to the base of the mast to direct the reefing lines aft. I'd email those pictures to www.rigrite.com. They sell Kenyon parts and are the experts. I am sure they will recognize whether the boom has been modified and be able to provide appropriate guidance.

Attachment of the reefing lines to the sail aft is as previously described...they come off the sheave, slant upwards through the reefing cringle and down perpendicular to the boom throught the eyelet with a stopper knot for termination (see Scott's photo on the left).
 

BobM

.
Jun 10, 2004
3,269
S2 9.2A Winthrop, MA
By the way, the cunningham would tension the luff of the sail at the mast pulling downward. Mine is built into the sail.
 
Nov 22, 2008
3,562
Endeavour 32 Portland, Maine
Here's a sketch frim the Kenyon site
Wow. I've never seen that sketch and can think of several reason why it wouldn't work very well. Has anyone here actually done it that way?

There is the potential for the standing bight in the cringle to jam the running part. The pendant has to render around the bottom of the boom adding lots of friction and wear.

I just bring the line around the boom to an eyestrap on the boom high on the opposite side and it works great.
 
Nov 22, 2008
3,562
Endeavour 32 Portland, Maine
It kind of lookes like the handles were removed and the white sheaves were added to run the reefing lines to the base of the mast and perhaps aft.
The handles were removed but the white sheaves are original to these goosenecks and an integral part of the system. The original idea was that you would pull the pendants aft or down using the sheaves but you simply can't develop enough power this way. This is the reason why you find so many of these units bastardized. It's a great system though when you re-work it.
 
May 2, 2008
254
S2 9.2C 1980 St. Leonard (Chesapeake Bay), MD
Well, I think that as a result of my further inspection of what I have and the posts that I have seen I have pretty much gotten this straightened out, thanks to ALL. One point to clarify - currently I have a reef pendant running inside the boom (port side) from aft to gooseneck and beyond. I have a pendant running inside the boom (starboard side) exiting the edge of the boom near the cleat on the boom. I have a wire to rope (outhaul) running from aft end of the boom to the starboard side sheave at the gooseneck. There is nothing on the center sheave at the gooseneck. I am assuming from what BobM posted that the outhaul should be redirected to exit the side of the boom near the cleat and the pendant that is currently there be eliminated. Is this a correct assumption? Currently there is not enough length to the outhaul to attach it to anything near the gooseneck and it does not look to have been cut.
 
Nov 22, 2008
3,562
Endeavour 32 Portland, Maine
I disagree with BobM on bringing the outhaul out the side of the boom. There is a perfectly good fitting for it in the gooseneck and working on anything at the middle of the boom is the most risky from the standpoint of getting pushed overboard. Relocate the cleat to the bottom of the boom 2 - 3 feet from the mast and remove that side of boom turning block that was almost certainly a misguided retrofit by someone who didn't understand the reefing system.

Here is a schematic of how it should be rigged. Wire is show in red and the horizontal scale is shortened. Exact location of block on end of wire isn't very important as long as there is the foot or so of travel needed.

http://home.roadrunner.com/~rlma/Outhaul.gif
 
Dec 2, 1997
8,918
- - LIttle Rock
Roger!!! Welcome aboard!

It's about time you decided to join our merry band here instead of wasting your time on usenet! Glad to see you here!
 
Nov 22, 2008
3,562
Endeavour 32 Portland, Maine
It's about time you decided to join our merry band here instead of wasting your time on usenet! Glad to see you here!
Yes, I looked back at rec.boats.cruising this evening and felt like a reformed drunk who walks back into a bar. It seemed rather pathetic.

I'd tried a few forums like this one but always got tired of checking back for responses that might be days or weeks coming. This really is a lively place.
 
Oct 17, 2005
119
Catalina 30 Edmonton
I made this work on my tall rig C30. I had been looking at the Harken books but then I stumbled on this easy to read article. As it turns out, the author is a sailor on the other side of our Prairie Lake. I have the ability now to put the first reef in from the cockpit. It works great too. My buddy tried it on his 25 Benny but had some trouble because his angles were too close around some pulleys and as the sail came down it interfered with the free running of the reefing lines. I kept mine clear and have no problems.
I spent less than $100.00

http://www.geocities.com/Yosemite/2358/f_rigging_tips/f05.html
 
Nov 22, 2008
3,562
Endeavour 32 Portland, Maine
That's the way I would do it on a boat that didn't already have the Harken gear. If building a new boom from scratch I probably wouldn't buy the Harken stuff although I'm very happy with my set up. Having the lines inside the boom greatly cleans things up and simplifies tying the reef points. Slack lines hanging down from the boom can be a real hazard as one hooking on someone's neck could be more fatal than a head bump.

I like the gooseneck hooks but that is closely related to a separate discussion. I prefer to handle my main halyard from the mast so I'm up there anyway. Many feel differently and this tack rig would make more sense for them. That issue could be a whole thread in itself.
 
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