There seems to be a mindset among some racers that simply throwing out some racing buoys somehow changes the rules. And, they tend to set up right in front of a marina where non-racers are trying to come and go.
Just yesterday, after a long hard trip, I came home to discover a race set up across the bay in such a way that there was not reasonable way around their route. Given the choice, I would rather be courteous and go around, though I am not obligated to do so. I came in on a starboard tack, encountering several racers on a port tack. I made reasonable efforts to stay away from most of the action and chose the least disruptive route, but it did require a couple of racers to change their heading slightly. One waved and I waved back - no problem. The other was furious and cursed at us. Then another racer (who had completed the race) cut across our bow while we were taking sails down (away from the course), yelling something.
If I hadn't been so tired from hours of beating windward against a 2 kt current, I would have tracked down the race organizers and suggested they remind their racers of rules and basic manners.
Absolutely, most racers know the rules and they understand that their desire to race does not supercede those rules or reduce the importance of courtesy and safety on the water. But, competition tends to bring out the worst in people, and there are always a few that ruin it for everyone.
The bottom line, in response to the question, is that that former member could not only intrude on the race, they could fully participate, so long as they adhere to the COLREGS. There are RRS too, but they only apply among a group who are all race participants. That is, all racers can be bound by RRS, but that only governs their relationship to each other. A non-racer is not bound by those rules - only COLREGS. And, when asssessing any racer's relationship to a non-racer, RRS goes out the window and only COLREGs apply. (In fact, I think that is baked into RRS somewhere.)
Or, put another way, if someone is behaving in an unsafe manner or a manner which is inconsistent with COLREGS, then you could pursue the matter on those grounds. The fact that your club set up a race there probably isn't relevant. In fact, it could be argued that your club created a navigational hazard and had the greater duty. So, be careful about opening that box.
So, COLREGS apply to everyone all the time. But, there are some points in COLREGS that make this a little murky:
- Rule 2(a): “Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any vessel… from the consequences of neglect of any precaution which may be required by the ordinary practice of seamen.”
- Rule 2(b): “In construing and complying with these Rules due regard shall be had to all dangers of navigation and collision and to any special circumstances… which may make a departure from these Rules necessary to avoid immediate danger.”
... which could be translated as ...
If you have no business being there, and you endanger other vessels, even if you are technically compliant with other COLREGS, you're still wrong. (This goes both ways, of course.)
So, the only leg you have to stand on here, as I see it is dependent on what exactly that person is doing in the race area and whether they are endangering other vessels. If they are merely an annoyance, there is no rule against that. If they are a hindrance that is putting other vessels at risk by, for example, unexpected maneuvers ... that sort of thing ... then they could be in violation of COLREGS rule 2.