Head filling with water while I'm away

Jul 12, 2025
6
Catalina 30 Mk III South Haven
Maybe someone here can offer some troubleshooting advice?

Late last summer, I arrived at the boat in its marina slip one day and found the head full (almost to the point of overflow) of water.

My first observation was that there wasn’t any toilet paper or human waste, and my second observation was that I had forgotten to close the hatch in the head when I had left the boat two weeks before. In that time, there had been a major storm system that came through the area (enough to cause flooding all over). I suspected that a significant amount of rain had come in through the hatch, going into the sink, the head, and the bilge.

The head is a Raritan 12-volt electric model. After checking the bilge and pumping it out, I powered up the head at the panel and was able to flush away the water in the bowl. I spent the night on the boat in the slip and observed that water appeared to be slowly accumulating in the bowl while I was there.

I made plans to return to the boat at my next opportunity and have it pumped out, thinking that the problem was the fullness of my holding tank. I was able to come back the next week and get a pump-out. When I arrived for the pump out, the head was full of water again. Once more, the water did not appear to dirty backflow from the holding tank.

The next time I came back to the boat was haul-out day. To my surprise, the head was once again full of water. This water I vividly remember as being crystal clear, and having pumped the holding tank dry just recently, I started to wonder if the problem was something far different than my suspected open-hatch-in-a-storm theory.

One thing I can’t clearly recall as I was going through all the above: whether or not the seacock of the intake valve was open or closed, and whether I manipulated this in troubleshooting at that time. I want to say that I was closing the seacock at all times, unless I was going to flush the head.

Schema of the plumbing system

The head is a Raritan 12-volt, with a Sea Era integral pump, on the port side of the boat, forward of the salon, aft of the v-berth.

IMG_6896 2.JPG


IMG_6898 2.JPG


The head draws water from a sea intake through the hull forward of the head, beneath the v-berth but accessible from an opening in the wall separating the compartments.

IMG_6885 2.JPG


Intake water is drawn up and flows through the bowl strainer fitted into the clear hose and then on to the pump.

IMG_6882 2.JPG


Intake water passes through the pump and now up through the white hose, heading out the wall of the head compartment. This white hose comes out the other side in the storage area beneath the port settee.

IMG_6893 2.JPG


The water in the white hose continues up, until it reaches a plastic Y-valve.

IMG_6894 2.JPG


The water then goes back down in the return white hose, back through the settee storage space and through the wall of the head compartment.

And the white hose brings the water back to the head in the center-back at bowl level. (Through elbow joint at bottom of following image.)

What does your experience and instinct say? Is it the intake valve seacock? Is it a problem of siphoning? A bad joker valve? Something I'm not even thinking of?

Thanks in advance for ideas, observations, or questions!
 
Mar 6, 2008
1,341
Catalina 1999 C36 MKII #1787 Coyote Point Marina, CA.
Since it fills up in such a short period of time, I would disconnect the hose from the seacock and observe if water drips from it even when it is closed. The head is below water level and you might find a flood in your bilge. I can not think of where else the water is coming in from.
What year and model boat is it?
You might consider adding a second hose clamp on the hose that is going up similar to the horizontal hose clamps.
The only other way the bowl may fill up is the horizontal hose that appears to come from the sink. Is the pressurized water turned off?
 
Last edited:
Jul 12, 2025
6
Catalina 30 Mk III South Haven
Since it fills up in such a short period of time, I would disconnect the hose from the seacock and observe if water drips from it even when it is closed. The head is below water level and you might find a flood in your bilge. I can not think of where else the water is coming in from.
What year and model boat is it?
You might consider adding a second hose clamp on the hose that is going up similar to the horizontal hose clamps.
The only other way the bowl may fill up is the horizontal hose that appears to come from the sink. Is the pressurized water turned off?
It's a 1995 Catalina 30 Mk III
Good suggestion on the hose clamp. That's easy enough.
I know less than a little about plumbing, much less marine plumbing, so I was surprised to see that sink drain line leading to the intake valve. I'd love someone to explain that.
But to answer your question, this was happening with all power off; I'm not sure if the sink water was still under pressure, but also will have to go back and look at all the sink connections. I didn't take enough photos of that while I was "under the hood."
The boat is on the hard right now, so I will have to splash it to see if it's the intake valve that's bad.
 
Jan 7, 2011
5,592
Oday 322 East Chicago, IN
First, just to clarify, this is not a Y valve. It is a siphon break .
IMG_4372.png

How full is your holding tank?

I don’t have an electric head, but my first thought was a full tank, and a weak joker valve. I don’t know if you have those on an electric head…


Greg
 
Jul 12, 2025
6
Catalina 30 Mk III South Haven
First, just to clarify, this is not a Y valve. It is a siphon break .
View attachment 232898

How full is your holding tank?

I don’t have an electric head, but my first thought was a full tank, and a weak joker valve. I don’t know if you have those on an electric head…


Greg
When this first happened, I suspected it was liquid from the holding tank. However, it happened again even after a pump-out.

This model electric head *does* have a joker valve. It's in the 90-degree elbow at the back of the head here:

IMG_6882 2 copy.jpeg


Thanks for correcting me on the terminology -- I called it a "Y-valve" to describe its shape, and I had interpreted this to be the venting point for the siphon loop.

In addition to the post-pumpout clue, I also noted that the water filling up in the head was clear, i.e. not a hint of human waste in it.
 
Jan 7, 2011
5,592
Oday 322 East Chicago, IN
there is an actual Y valve, used to route waste overboard or to a tank. But your photo is a siphon break that is common on marine toilet plumbing to avoid having a siphon sink the boat.

Greg
 
  • Like
Likes: travelinreid
Feb 21, 2019
50
Catalina 30 TR 3571 Cocoa, FL
The Catalina Mk I also uses the thru-hull by the head sink for both the sink drain as well as the toilet flush water intake. Free flow of flush seawater shouldn't be an issue given the antisiphon loop (pictured) which prevents free flow into the commode if the pump seals fail, and thru-hull is left open. As far as potential commode overflow into the bilge, the Mk I commode rim is set just above the waterline and I would assume the same on a Mk III? What you didn't discuss was black water plumbing from commode to tank and then presumably to a Y going to macerator pump / thru-hull (?) and to the deck cleanout.
I had several similar mysterious fillings of the tank and toilet bowl that turned out to be all of the above. The first issue was back flow from the seawater thru-hull (left open for days) thru a leaking pump which did not have anti siphon loop (but now does) which you have covered. The other problem was backflow thru the macerator pump into the holding tank. The engine raw water thru-hull is right next to the macerator dump thru-hull. Being lazy, I normally just lift the cushion /seat board enough to reach in blindly to open the engine valve. One overnight trip I reached in and opened the dump valve by mistake (macerator is in but electrically disconnected). After noticing dry exhaust I went down and opened the engine valve and just assumed I'd just forgot it and didn't notice the dump valve open. By next morning the tank had filled up and it was high tide in the commode. The boat is lake bound so the fix was capping the macerator side of the Y coming off the tank, removal of the macerator, capping the thru-hull, and tie wrapping the handle shut.
Sounds like water is somehow back flowing into your tank, hopefully the above gives you some ideas on what to check.
 
Dec 2, 1997
8,944
- - LIttle Rock
Because your toilet bowl is at or below the waterline, you need to install a vented loop in the toilet intake. It needs to be at least 6-8" above waterline AT MAX HEEL, not just when the boat is at rest, which on most sailboats puts it 2-3 FEET above the bowl. It does NOT go in the line between the intake/sink drain thru-hull and the pump (that would interfere with the toilet's ability to prime)... it belongs between the pump (pump/motor assembly) and the bowl. This requires replacing the short piece of hose Raritan used to connect them with hoses long enough to put it high enough.
This will make it unnecessary keep the thru-hull closed while you're aboard and save you from yourself if you forget to close it when you leave the boat.

--Peggie
 
Jul 12, 2025
6
Catalina 30 Mk III South Haven
Because your toilet bowl is at or below the waterline, you need to install a vented loop in the toilet intake. It needs to be at least 6-8" above waterline AT MAX HEEL, not just when the boat is at rest, which on most sailboats puts it 2-3 FEET above the bowl. It does NOT go in the line between the intake/sink drain thru-hull and the pump (that would interfere with the toilet's ability to prime)... it belongs between the pump (pump/motor assembly) and the bowl. This requires replacing the short piece of hose Raritan used to connect them with hoses long enough to put it high enough.
This will make it unnecessary keep the thru-hull closed while you're aboard and save you from yourself if you forget to close it when you leave the boat.

--Peggie
Thanks, Peggy. You can see the vented loop in the photos here:
IMG_6894 2.JPG


IMG_6893 2.JPG
 
Jul 12, 2025
6
Catalina 30 Mk III South Haven
The Catalina Mk I also uses the thru-hull by the head sink for both the sink drain as well as the toilet flush water intake. Free flow of flush seawater shouldn't be an issue given the antisiphon loop (pictured) which prevents free flow into the commode if the pump seals fail, and thru-hull is left open. As far as potential commode overflow into the bilge, the Mk I commode rim is set just above the waterline and I would assume the same on a Mk III? What you didn't discuss was black water plumbing from commode to tank and then presumably to a Y going to macerator pump / thru-hull (?) and to the deck cleanout.
I had several similar mysterious fillings of the tank and toilet bowl that turned out to be all of the above. The first issue was back flow from the seawater thru-hull (left open for days) thru a leaking pump which did not have anti siphon loop (but now does) which you have covered. The other problem was backflow thru the macerator pump into the holding tank. The engine raw water thru-hull is right next to the macerator dump thru-hull. Being lazy, I normally just lift the cushion /seat board enough to reach in blindly to open the engine valve. One overnight trip I reached in and opened the dump valve by mistake (macerator is in but electrically disconnected). After noticing dry exhaust I went down and opened the engine valve and just assumed I'd just forgot it and didn't notice the dump valve open. By next morning the tank had filled up and it was high tide in the commode. The boat is lake bound so the fix was capping the macerator side of the Y coming off the tank, removal of the macerator, capping the thru-hull, and tie wrapping the handle shut.
Sounds like water is somehow back flowing into your tank, hopefully the above gives you some ideas on what to check.
Thanks, Curtis. I'm hoping that this issue is just one, single issue, as opposed to some combination of all the possibilities you describe. I'm also hoping (but maybe should be more open to the possibility) that it isn't anything on the gray/black water side of things. The water that filled the head never looked like wastewater. The boat does have a macerator, but this is closed and disconnected, since I'm in Lake Michigan.
 
Feb 21, 2019
50
Catalina 30 TR 3571 Cocoa, FL
Thanks, Curtis. I'm hoping that this issue is just one, single issue, as opposed to some combination of all the possibilities you describe. I'm also hoping (but maybe should be more open to the possibility) that it isn't anything on the gray/black water side of things. The water that filled the head never looked like wastewater. The boat does have a macerator, but this is closed and disconnected, since I'm in Lake Michigan.
Not sure what you mean by "closed and disconnected". If that means that plumbing between tank and macerator overboard thru-hull has been disconnected and capped then ok, otherwise break the line and cap both ends. Ignoring the deck pump out, the only other way in is from the fwd port thru-hull. With that thru-hull closed, disconnect flush water hose at the pump. After hose empties verify no flow for an hour or so then open the thru hull to confirm anti siphon loop prevents no free flow.
 
  • Like
Likes: travelinreid
Jul 12, 2025
6
Catalina 30 Mk III South Haven
Clean the valve at the top of the anti-siphon. Been there, done that. If it's blocked with "gunk" you're siphoning water into the boat via the head.

Thanks for the video to go with that tip!
I spoke with someone at Raritan today (thanks, Mac!) who suggested I look closer at this exact part of the system. We shall see!