I close the through-hull and run it 'dry' first, then I remove the hose from the intake through-hull and put it in a bottle of pink-stuff (pure propylene glycol -50F), set the thermostat for 5 degrees under the current temperature, and watch it empty the bottle. My partner stands on the opposite dock to yell when it comes out the outlet pink. I then send another bottle through to make sure of the concentration. I figure at $5 a gallon, I can afford to waste one to make sure the cooling circuit and pump don't freeze. The outlet through-hull is so low to the water that I can't sample and test with a refractometer, so this and the waste system are areas where I plan to use an additional gallon for safety.
I guess that the 'backflow' method might work as my pump is centrifugal, not displacement, but what does that save you? Can you get to the outlet and apply pressure from the outside of the boat, or do you still have to remove a hose from a through-hull?