Re: Thanks guys
Whoa! Think this through. First can you get a picture of what's under the sole? Is there an access hole/panel under the companionway, at the deepest part of the bilge? If not, you might want to put one in there first (about 6" x 6"), so you don't go cutting into your sole blindly. Save the piece you cut out to use it to place in the opening after putting a "lip" all the way around the hole on the underside of the floor, to keep it from falling through. The access hole would allow acces to the bilge, which would not be a bad thing, if you don't have access now. I can send a rough sketch if you'd like.
Then, if you must cut the sole, plan a similar 6" x 8" or so (big enough to put your hand through, about 2" aft of the main bulkhead. I'd use the thinnest jig saw blade I can find, so it has a small kerf all the way around. I'd make the lip and reuse the cut out because it would match the floor perfectly. I would not go any wider, unless I was planning to replace the entire sole.
I wouldn't put any wood under the floor. I would either build it up with fiberglass mat and roving, and spread the load across the hull as wide as I can go. Fore/aft location would be determined by mast position; you want the step for a "compression post" to be directly under the mast. I'd also glass in a small tube or something in the center, at the lowest point so water can drain from behind the step. You don't want water sitting behind it. (A 1" plastic pipe, shaped to lie flat against the hull, should work fine.) Then build up the step to an appropriate height, with at least a 4" x 4" flat spot for the top of the step.
Configuration of the "compression post" can be another whole topic of discusstion.
Good luck.
Bron