The rudder on our 2007 309 blistered after the first season on Lake Michigan. Small blisters, and lots of them.
In our case the dealer got compensated by Catalina for the repair.
For what it's worth, I seem to remember learning in the process that the rudders and the hulls are not made in the same place, and/or the rudders are made for Catalina by someone else. At any rate, they're prone to blistering.
The dealer simply sanded off the bottom paint, and applied Interlux Epoxy barrier coat. All the work my dealer does is very poor, but this repair seems to have worked.
I don't recall if they had to use any filler on the rudder...the blisters were pretty small.
Bottom line, if your blisters are anything like the ones I had, they haven't caused any real damage, and the fix is cheap and easy.