Prop Walk Is Your Friend

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May 17, 2004
2,110
Other Catalina 30 Tucson, AZ
I saw this subject listed on one of the Hunter sites but now I can’t find it. Prop walk is something every skipper has to deal with and here’s how to make it work for you.

First, let’s assume you have clockwise right rotation. If you have counter clockwise left rotation just reverse what I’m telling you. Secondly, increasing acceleration will just make things worse so go easy on the accelerator. Thirdly, what I’m about to tell you is hard to visualize sitting at a computer and also when you decide to practice do it in a turning basin until you get the hang of it.

PORT SIDE DOCKING: Approach the dock at slow speed with the bow slightly angled toward the dock. Center the rudder and put the engine in reverse. The stern will swing nicely and easily toward the dock. Here’s where skippers get into trouble in this situation. Instead of centering the rudder they turn to port with the engine in reverse. Nothing happens at first so they goose the engine. As soon as they do that the stern turns to starboard. To correct that they then turn the rudder to starboard and that is when things start to really get screwed up. What they should have done with the centered rudder is NOTHING.

BACKING THE BOAT: At my dock I needed to back out and have the stern turn toward starboard so I could exit the slipway to the turning basin. Here’s how I would do it. The first part is obvious but the second part isn’t. I obviously start with the rudder centered and the engine in reverse. Once about ¾ of the boat is in the slip way I use prop walk to my advantage. I put the engine in FORWARD. Sounds weird but the stern swings slowly to starboard.

Say something is happening in the slip way and I don’t have time to fool around. To whip the stern around, I’d still be in forward but I’d turn the rudder to port and goose it. The stern will rapidly turn to starboard.

On Catalina Island it is fun to watch how skippers get themselves in trouble with prop walk. One place is at the fuel dock where there is current and big fishing boat in your way. Another is picking up a mooring. The skipper approaches the mooring a bit too fast. His rudder is centered, which is good but then he floors it to stop the forward progress. I say to myself, DON’T TOUCH THE RUDDER but they always do and that is when things go from bad to worse. The skipper then over corrects and it ends up becoming a Chinese fire drill except the Chinese fire drill is better organized.

Spend a few minutes in your turning basin to get the idea of how the forward and backward motion of your boat is influenced by the position of the rudder. Also, you want to experience what happens when you goose the engine in each situation. You’ll find that if your rudder is not in the correct attitude things go badly rapidly.
 
Jun 21, 2009
110
Hunter 27 Sparrows Point
I only wish I had portside docking, Don G. My slip is starboard side, second from the entrance to my marina. Sometimes I get it just right, then again most times the stern swings port before I get to the pilon...at which time I do get to experience portside docking...
 
Jun 6, 2006
6,990
currently boatless wishing Harrington Harbor North, MD
But can you explain why props walk?

Hint: A helicopter is the extreme example of the lengths you need to go to to get an angled (to the fluid flow) "prop" to "fly straight."
 
May 17, 2004
2,110
Other Catalina 30 Tucson, AZ
Here’s the second part of the story which explains how you can use prop walk to spin the boat around within its own length but before that I want to compliment Hunter owners. I’ve only owned Catalina’s but from a sail trim knowledge standpoint I’ve found Hunter owners beat them by a long shot. Guys like Alan, who sails a Hunter 35 out of Long Island, NY and Rick D, who sails a Hunter 40 out of Long Beach, Ca are regular contributors, along with a few others, to the SAIL TRIM FORUM and are very helpful to beginner sailors.

Have you ever been in or thought about a tight turning situation and wondered how you’d complete the maneuver? I did all the time. My slip at Shoreline Marina (Long Beach, Ca) allowed me one shot at it and if I missed, it was a short ride down a narrow slipway to the rocks.

You’ll be amazed how simple it is to spin the boat on its axis. It’s called “backing and filling”. Remember water must be flowing past the rudder for it to have any effect and the effect happens faster in forward than reverse. Also, throughout this maneuver, resist the temptation to MOVE THE TILLER OR WHEEL after step 1.

Step 1: Assume the boat walks to port in reverse. Start the turn in forward gear with the wheel hard over to starboard and gain a little headway.

Step 2: Keep wheel hard over and shift to reverse. The stern will turn to port and you will be about 50% into your turn.

Step 3: When you are 50% into the turn, shift to forward keeping the wheel hard over. You’ll start to gain a little headway.

Step 4: Before gaining any real headway, shift to reverse and keep the wheel hard over. The stern will kick over.

Step 5: At this point you’ll have completed the turn and are headed in the opposite direction. Shift to forward, center the wheel and off you go.

Don’t try this the first time in the middle of your slipway. Practice this maneuver and the docking maneuver in the turning basin. When you master both methods, which should take about 15 minutes or less, you’ll never worry about tough turning or docking situations again because you’ll have mastered prop walk as it applies to your boat. Your dock neighbors and sailing friends will be amazed at your boat controlling ability!!


 

Alan

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Jun 2, 2004
4,174
Hunter 35.5 LI, NY
fifedod, if your dock is stbd side bow in you could always dock stern to with the port side on the dock and make use of the prop walk.
 
Oct 29, 2005
2,362
Hunter Marine 326 303 Singapore
When I had my 2-blade prop, I often wish there's no prop-walk when going astern. Now I have 3-blade Campbell Sailor (has alot less prop-walk), I wish to have alittle more prop-walk. I've learnt to put prop-walk to good use in tight spaces.
 
Jun 21, 2009
110
Hunter 27 Sparrows Point
Alan - I'm afraid that that method would lead to a long chorus of screeches and squeeks in my docking maneuvers. A successful docking (to me) is when I can put 7000 lbs of fiberglass up to the pier without touching a pilon. My crew and I can do it, just not consecutively...
 

Alan

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Jun 2, 2004
4,174
Hunter 35.5 LI, NY
There's one sure fire way, practice backing up out in open water. There you can make your mistakes and learn with the only consequence, learning to do it right. Sure you're gonna goof but you will soon learn from your mistakes and you'll be a better skipper for it.
 
Jul 31, 2009
165
None None None
I always liked to back into slips regardless of starboard or port because my shorepower cords were located in the aft lazerette and I didn't like getting in the way going forward. My docking technique was much simpler. I would start in reverse from as far away as needed to have control of the boat. Once you have steerage, Hunters back like a car. I've docked in many adverse circumstances (wind, current, tight areas), and with appropriate planning all went well.

Full keel boats are another matter. My suggestion with them are put it in reverse and when the boat decides what it wants to do, act like it was your idea!

Bill Jones
 
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