Oddly enough, I'm not sure what the wires are used for. I don't have a lot of electronics aboard. Only thing on the mast is one steaming and one anchor light.
You probably can't get a dental mirror up in there to see what's going on. If you were to separate that connector, you also probably couldn't get it back together. That would allow you to perhaps figure out with a voltmeter if it is active and for what. I know this doesn't necessarily help, but mine is rigged differently. That screw below the vang attachment point secures a cover over the enclosed wiring chase where all my wires go. The mast has to be removed and that piece (after removing the vang attachment and gooseneck) slides out the bottom. That is followed by the sail track. Under those is the wiring for my steaming light, anchor light and VHF antenna (that's not your wire). Your's looks like someone else added something that runs down the inside of the mast maybe.. Can't tell if it goes backup to loop into the short piece of PVC pipe that is stuck into the deck, keeping the rain out. You might check inside the boat for the wires that emerge at the bottom of the compression post inside the settee. See if they match what you are seeing.
One thing you may not know is the conduit for the steaming light runs fore and aft up on the mast. Its a tube that is welded to the backside of the front of the mast right behind the steaming light. It is also welded to the back of the mast and there is a hole into that wiring chase. Your halyards pass on either port or starboard of that transverse tube so they don't bind when under load.
If you do clear the area enough for new halyards, you can drop a messenger line with a steel nut tied to it down from the top and retrieve it with a magnet. Try and heel the boat some so it drops on the (in your case) port side of that tube.
You could try and remove that screw on the wire cover and see if you can slide it up a couple of inches to look in there for those wires coming down. Its been too long since I did my mast and I don't recall if there is a gap behind the gooseneck that would allow that.