IIRC, my block was about 4 to 6 inches all along the visible portion, and narrowed to a point over the next several inches. I drilled several shallow holes then used a chisel to remove the wood. Mine rotted from the inside out, so it was really only the outside edges of the block that were problematic to remove.
Check to see if your compression post and deck have been depressed due to the block deteriorating. You will likely need to add a temporary support to hold up the weight of the mast as you remove/replace the block. I'd also loosen the shrouds and stays a bit to reduce the downward pressure on the compression post. I did mine while the mast was down during a refit 3 years ago.