Hey,
I'm not an engineer or an electrician, but sometimes I play one.
Some quick googleing found this:
How much electricity does a 12,000 BTU air conditioner use? A 12,000 BTU air conditioner uses roughly 900 watts per hour, assuming a minimum SEER rating of 13. You can achieve much more efficient performance with a better rating.
The Jackary device listed above states it has 3000 watts. So if that is actually the case it should run a 12K BTU Air conditioner for about 3 hours (900 watts per hour X 3 hours = 2700 watts).
If you wanted to do it with your existing boat bank:
So assume 900 watts / hour.
Assume 4 hours run time = 3600 watts
Watts = Volts X Amps, so Amps = Watts / volts
Your boat batteries are 12V, so the number of amps required for a 4 hour run of a 12K BTU air conditioner would be
3600 watts / 12 volts = 300 amps.
If you are using an DC to AC inverter to power the air conditioner you will lose some power in the conversion.
If you have 'regular' lead based batteries, you can safely draw them down to 50% capacity, so to provide 300 amps for air conditioning would mean you need a 600 amp battery bank.
And that doesn't include and power used for refrigeration, lights, electronics, etc.
If I've made any calculation mistakes please correct me.
Thanks,
Barry