Sounds like blocked tank vent to me
Tank vents--ALL vents, water, fuel, waste--have two primary functions: 1. to provide an escape for air displaced by incoming material. If air can't escape, the tank becomes pressurized, creating backpressure. The first clue that a waste tank vent is blocked is, the toilet becomes harder and harder to pump. For those who ignore that symptom, their first clue is usually an eruption when they remove the cap on the pumpout fitting.2. to provide a source of air to replace material being pulled out. If no air can get in, the pumpout (fuel pump, water pump) pulls a vacuum that won't allow anything to be pulled out.The two most common places for a vent line blockage are the vent thru-hull and the connection to the tank. Scrape out the vent fitting--if there's a screen on it, knock it out. If that's the only place where there's a blockage, there may be a spew out the vent. If there is none, first loosen the cap on the pumpout fitting to relieve any pressure (have a hose at the ready)...then remove the vent line from the tank and scrape out the fitting and that end of the hose.If it's been a day or two since the head was used, no spew or other indication that the system is pressurized does NOT mean the vent isn't blocked...it only means that the air in the system has managed to escape through the toilet. The problem will recur when you start using the toilet again.So it's VERY important to make sure the tank vent stays completely open. In the future, you need to backflush the vent with water every time you pump out and/or wash the boat.You might want to check out the link below...it'll take you to a comprehensive "marine toilets and holding tanks 101" guide that will help you learn to maintain your system to prevent problems instead of having to solve 'em.