Some of the comments. Wow, pretty funny. Mercedes pretty much pioneered diesels. Mercedes owners, around the world, supported 100% by the company, have been adding ATF for decades. That is, until the USA started dying off road diesel with red dye. That is the only thing that has stopped its use, again, only in the US, and only because of dyed diesel. If you put ATF in your trucks diesel tank and get checked, the ATF will color your fuel red and your busted for running off road (non taxed) diesel. In a boat engine you can run whatever, and a little ATF wont hurt anything.
All Mercedes engines carry the classification OM. It stands for Oil Motor. They run on oil folks. If you dont think ATF is oil, well, you probably shouldnt put bio diesel, corn oil, veggie oil, or any other kind of oil in a diesel either.
In extreme cold weather they also can run with mixtures of diesel mixed with gasoline and/of Kerosene. In the US military all diesels run on JP4. In fact, everything in the military burns JP4. One fuel makes it easy on logistics.
Why ATF? Its very high detergent, and it burns hotter than diesel. It can clean injectors and combustions chambers better than almost anything, and can often quiet down and smooth out a rough running diesel. It works. I wouldnt hestitate using ATF in any diesel over some can of BS sold on a store shelf.
All that said, it wont do a darn thing in a good running engine.
<edit> Plain Dexron ATF only, not type F or anything with friction modifiers. 1 quart to 10 gallons is usually enough. Some also add MMO to their fuel, but I have no experience to add, I have only added it to fuel