1st time sailing !!! Rudder and Motor Questions

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J

Jim

Hi All: I accessed this forum when I 1st bought my H22 last summer. I have returned to Marco Island to sail her (and myself... I'm a total 'newby' / late starter to sailing) for the 1st time. 1st; I got the previous owner to give me an afternoon of sailing lessons last week. I found sailing in general to be wonderful fun (I had never even been on a sailboat before) although the winds were lighter than I would have liked. The highlight of the day was when he showed me how to 'split / spread the wings' when running with the wind (spread the jib off the port side with the main boom out to the startboard side). 2nd; My 1st try at sailing (ever). Next day, I conned a bubby to come 'sailing'. The winds were 23 knots steady with gusts. What a day ! At first it took me 3 hours to make a 1/4 mile up the beach into the wind ! ha ha ! I found that the boat leans over the rail to almost the water, then the rudder looses it's grip (not enough rudder stays in water I guess), and the boat comes about rather violently. For 2 hours we just spun around in circles with the sails up, coming about, coming about, one after another. We must have been quite the spectacle ! I did 'learn by doing' as the afernoon went on and actually sailed (under sail !!) right back up the channel from the ocean into the river. Almost even looked like i knew what i was doing ! In retrospect, maybe should have waited for less wind. Now.., hope you all had the laugh I did doing my 1st sail. So my two questions... Rudder; I do not think this is the stock one for the boat. For one, i think the rudder on a 'trailerable' should have some type of 'tilt up / down' pivot built into it, yes ??? My rudder is a solid rudder (no pivot point) and does not even gome off the boat easily. Can anyone tell me what the correct rubber for that boat would have been. The prev owner says 'thats the way it was when he bought it (used)'. With the keel that retracts, I would also liek to pull up the rudder to come to shore on some of the small islands that dot the area. Motor: The boat has a 9.9 hp Johnson Sailmaster on it. The motor tired and I am thinking of replacing it. There can be much current coming in and out of the Marco River to the ocean. I was thinking of placing a Mercury 20hp or even 25hp back there. Any thoughts ? Thanks all from a new sailer. Jim Dunlea Boston MA, and Marco Is, FL Ohh... by the way.. the boat is a 1986 H22. Aside form a tiring engine, it is in really nice shape.
 
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Bob Howie

I'm laughing, but not at you!

Don't worry; you haven't done anything the rest of us haven't done in the beginning, too! Your story is very reminiscent of some of my early experiences and maybe even some of my not so-early experiences! You are commended for taking tiller in hand and learning by doing. As to whether your rudder should pivot, well, I don't know about that per se. Some do, some don't and some are made to remove when trailering. There's a bunch of pretty savvy sailors out there that may be able to give you good advice in that regard, but, in the meantime, grab a phone, call up your local Hunter dealer -- or even the factory -- or get on Hunter's website, www.huntermarine.com, and ask the guys who build your boat the question about a pivoting rudder. As to what was happening when you "buried the rail" and the boat "comes about rather violently." Welcome to the experience known as "losing helm" and "weathervaning." A rudder is something of wing under water and produces lift, believe it or not. At certain angles of attack, your rudder becomes ineffective and you lose helm control. The wind then simple forces the boat around, or weathervanes it, toward the wind direction. As the angle decreases, your rudder will regain its bite and you will regain helm control, which is probably what happened. The way to avoid this happening -- and right up to the point where you lost helm, it was probably a pretty fun ride -- is to take note of the angle at which you lose helm and stay a little under that. You will learn to feel the pressure on your tiller or helm when things are right and when things are getting "sloppy." When things are going right, I call that being "in the groove" and you will, by experience, learn how to recognize it. Two ways of preventing weathervaning like you experience, decrease the angle of heel by falling off the wind -- turning away from the wind -- a bit which causes your sail to dump some of the wind pressure against it and that causes you not to heel over so much or, if you are on a good run heading in the direction you want, slack off your main sheet a bit and you can hold course while easing the heel a bit. You will also learn how to "feel" what's going on with your sail by handling the main sheet. Two suggestions; take a basic American Sailing Association (ASA) course and buy yourself a copy of "Royce's Sailing Illustrated," ISBN# 0894716964. It's still in print and handier than a pocket on a shirt; just chocked full of very useful information you, as a new sailor, and I, as one a little more experienced, can always use. Hang in there, matey, and welcome to the fleet!
 
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Bob Howie

Oh, yeah, the motor

I own a '78 Hunter 30 and repowered it last summer, dumping the old Yanmar 9hp inboard over the side for a Danish-built 24-hp engine. Better to have horsepower and not need it, than need it and not have it! Go for the 20hp!!!
 
Dec 2, 1999
15,184
Hunter Vision-36 Rio Vista, CA.
okay Howie! 20HP?

Bob: There is something radically wrong if a 10hp engine will not power a 22ft Hunter. A 20hp engine is going to be heavy and weigh down the stern and probably rip out the transom too. I would recommend that Jim try to borrow an newer 8 or 10hp engine from someone and see if the engine is not not running correctly, may even be the prop. This boat should scoot with a 10hp engine. and you guys talk funny in Tejas. What you call "weathervaning" is what we call "weather helm" (hope this does not happen on Citations?). There is nothing wrong with what you told Jim, except that the previous owner maybe should have mentioned "Reefing" (another new term). This is the act of reducing the size of the sail. I strongly suggest that you (Jim) get some help from someone that can show you a few of the basics. Sailing schools are really great if you want to learn how to do things by the book. They will demonstrate all of the finer points of sailing. Many of which you may not care about when they show you but may come in handy later. If you learn with old salts, they may just show you what is important for the day (like wing-n-wing, or how to hold your beverage when healed over at 30 degrees) these are import too<g>. Good luck and welcome to the world of SAILING!
 
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Bob Howie

Overpowering

Ok, Steve, maybe you got me there, but you know me; I hate to be underpowered! If I was driving a battleship, I'd still want more turns from the screws, what can I say? Well, you're probably most likely right about the 20hp outboard being a bit much. I'll compromise in saying that a new 10hp with a decent prop will, as you so correctly point out, drive that little 22-footer along at a good clip! And, some of the new 10hp's are very good little motors. As to talking funny...well, in ain't talking funny here in Texas, so who cares??????? Just for the record, I thought of the term "weather helm" but I thought maybe "weathervaning" might make better sense to a newby! And, now you are just confusing the poor guy with terms like "reefing," but gotta admit you beat me to that one! Yep...taking a reef on the main -- provided you have reefing points of course -- would do just as good and keep the sail in a little tighter trim. I defer to the gentleman from Nevada, or California, wherever the weekend may find him! And, just for the record, my computer-genius friend, Citations will, as a matter of fact, "weathervane" in a tough 40-degree crosswind, but deft coordination between rudder and stick by us oh-so-competent EJM pilots makes great landings in those conditions mere child's play! Wanna lesson?
 
Jun 5, 1997
659
Coleman scanoe Irwin (ID)
"Broaching" would be my preferred terminology

Although it is not easy to figure out what Jim is exactly doing here, without knowing the set of his sails and his precise helm actions you can bet your drammies that he is simply trying to run downwind with a too tightly sheeted main and, thus, a nearly impossible to balance helm. As a result he jibes and broaches as soon as he gets some downwind speed, comes to a near-complete stop, turns into the wind because of weather helm and actually tacks through to enter his next 360 degree turn. Lord knows what his jib must have been doing in the meantime (probably luffing or perhaps he was not flying a jib at all). These 360 degree turns are quite safely and easily executed when one completely centers the boom and flattens the main, even in relatively strong winds because the swing of the boom during the jibe is minimized. Only the temporary strong heel remains if the breeze is fresh. Some sailors swear by this method for circling a MOB and then gently drifting down by heaving to (i.e. backwinding the jib and releasing the mainsheet) at the right moment. Have fun! Flying Dutchman
 
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Ray Bowles

Jim, Sounds like your not afraid of leaning.

For some that can be a hard thing to do. I have a 95 H26 that is a water ballast boat. I don't know if your is also but they should sail basically the same anyway. My boat has a Honda 4 cycle ob that pushes it very strongly! I think any larger motor would be heavier and costlier than you or the boat might need. Also 6 gallons of gas last me all summer. As far as sailing their are many books that might help, or take a class. I found that a winters worth of reading was enough of a lesson that I was able to sail my boat safely and rather fastly. A good book is "Sailing Fundementals" by Gary Jobsen. Over 10 knots, and usually about 8 knots I throw in the first reef in the main. Above 15 knots I reef the second time on the main and roll in 30 percent of the jib. Over 20 knots I sail under main alone with the first reef. By reefing I still maintain the speed I had earlier but without the lean. Your rudder is probably fine, you just had too much lean to keep it in the water. My rudder has a large wingnut (4 inch) that I can loosen and it allows me to raise the rudder completely out of the water. When sailing the rudder MUST be in the full down position. I know you're having fun down there as I'm looking at 3 feet of snow up here. So much for fairness in the world. Ray S/V Speedy
 
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Tom Payne

Jim, You have to try Coconut Isalnd

Jim, I read your post and it reminded me of when I first started sailing (take it from me, you can not put the sails down with the wind at your back, Make sure you are in forward, not reverse when trying to motor into the wind to drop your sails). We all have great rookie experiences we will remember the rest of our lives. I remember being SCARED TO DEATH on my first captain experience when a gust of wind off a channel made the boat heel excessively. I screamed for my brother, Jiiiimmmy!!! No Harm No Foul. The best part of your story was it sounded like you were enjoying the experience. Now regarding Coconut Island. Ask the locals about it. It is by far my favorite Anchorage in SW Florida and it's right off Marco Island. Protected Waters that allow you to watch the Sun Set on the Gulf!!! On the Gulf side of Coconut Island you would think 20 dump trucks brought in sea shells just for you to pick through. Take that sailing course, get a couple of subsciptions to sailing magazines, buy a book teaching you the basics of sail trim and shape. I hope and believe you will have the times of your life with you new baby. Happy Sailing, Daddy's Dream
 
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Chuck

motor

I run a 1981 Evinrude 7.5. It's drivin me strait into 30 kt winds with 4' seas without much trouble. we take good care of each other. If you have a ten horse long shaft you should not be having any issues with power at all, unless you've got some unreal currents or something.
 
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Steve Cook

If somebody from Cal. told me to...

reef, it would not take much to figure out what he meant (Dude) !!! eeeeer man --- wanna do some reef before we go sailing dude. Catcha breeze man!!!! Way to go Steve, you dudes from Cal only got one thing on yer mind. Steve, P323...
 
Dec 2, 1999
15,184
Hunter Vision-36 Rio Vista, CA.
NOT actually FROM CAL. but you may be correct.

Steve: How do you guys of WI. know about that stuff. Oh, I guess if our former Pres. knew about it and he was from AR. everyone knows. FYI, we actually live in Carson City, NV and we have our boat in CA. www.hiddenharbormarina.com
 
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Steve Cook

Mr. Dion...

I lived in Phoenix for 12 yrs. and have been all over S. Cal. Way too cool of a place, it's like, o-mah-god, like awesome dued!!!! and even "surf on dude"!!!! It's so Cal................ you know what I mean. Fer real dude, that's like a long way to cruise to go sailing dude from Nav. Like no way man!!! I just catch the freeway and I'm like there in 15 mins. man. Steve, s/v Rover (P323)
 
Dec 2, 1999
15,184
Hunter Vision-36 Rio Vista, CA.
Carson City to Sacramento.

Steve: Our journey is an easy drive. Usually under 3 hours. It is worth every minute of it. We ususally leave after work (whats that) on Friday and stop for a bite to eat on the way down. The drive is great US Highway 50 to Sacramento and then about 35 miles south and we be there. The only time I don't like the drive is when there is snow or rain going over the mountain. I have been doing this for 20 years and hope to do it for 20 more (if the gods will it).
 
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Steve Cook

$5.75 per ft??????????????

Wow!!!!!!!!! that's great, do you pay month to month or is there a seasonal rate? I pay $34.50 per ft from May to end of October. Do you sail on just a river? Can somebody live aboard their? geeezzzz I'm on my way!!! Wait a second here, I wanna go to the Islands Mon!!! 3 hrs. is way to long to get to the boat for me, geez, I cry about my 15 mins. being to long of a drive. Looks like a great marina though. Steve...
 
Dec 2, 1999
15,184
Hunter Vision-36 Rio Vista, CA.
ya, $5.75/ft/mo.

That's about $2136/yr. Now we have year round sailing (when conditions permit). The boat is in there year round. We sail on the river and out to S.F. Bay...... Hawaii here we come on our new HC50 <g>. Lots of good day sailing and overnite anchorages. Free electricity, water etc. Excellent security (owners live there). We do not lock our boat. Everyone sort of takes care of everyone else in the marina. We have been there for about 18 years. We think of going to the boat more like some people use a cabin. Our home away from home.
 
J

Jim

Thank You All !

Hi All Again: I want to personally thank you all for the information. I've just got back from a biz trip and will digest the details, but again, thank you for your input. My thought on getting the H22 was to see if i liked sailing at all (in comparison to power). Then use the boat as a stepping platform up to something suitable for 4 - 5 day cruises up / down the Gulf Coast for 2 people dog (H28 ?? Thoughts ?). What Howie described is exactly what was happening to me. Keeping in the aeronautical theme of things, kinda like ground looping a Decathalon I would say... abrupt weathervaning into the wind. It sure was fun leaning that boat over to the rail though ! Was making good speed too, but perhaps not in the direction I wanted to be heading ! I also intend to obtain the Sailing Fundamentals book (Gary Jobsen.) that was recommended by Ray Bowles. As for the motor, I think I have decided on a Merc 15 HP. It weighs the same as a 9.9hp. In fact, it is the same engine w/o the factory de-tuning that turns a 15hp into a 9.9 hp. The extra 5 ponies w/o extra weight might come in handy. As Howie says, better to have it if you need it. The Merc 20/25 hp series is a much heavier motor. As for the rudder, I think I need to contact Hunter to get an idea of what came form the factory with the boat. Thanks for the help so far ! Jim Dunlea Marco Island, Boston, (no Cessna Citation but lots of hours in a Piper Navajo CR before i sold it if that counts - M/E, Commerical, Instument Rating).
 
J

Jim

Motor Question

On replacing the motor, when you guys / gals talk 'long shaft', do you mean the 20" shaft (15 vs 20"), or do you mean a 20" shaft with the optional extension that makes it a 25" shaft ? In talking with the Merc dealer, he recommends the 25 incher. I rather not have that though as much of the versitility of the motor is lost should i want to swap the motor between the H22 and a tender / inflatable. 25" inches is too much for the tender. I could like with the 20 on the tender. The Johnson Sailmaster that is on there now (to be replaced) is a extended long shaft (25"). Thanks ! Jim Dunlea Boston and Marco Island
 
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David

motoring..again

Jim, I have a 20" 1982 Evindrude 7.5 and it moves me along the St. Johns river quite nicely. Too bad I didn't read your post sooner. I was just down in Ft. Myers last week and had some free time. Would have been fun for two newbies to have a go on the same boat. (Bought my H22 several months ago after sailing Hobies as a kid) Good luck down there, great wind pretty much every day!
 
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Bob Howie

To Jim...Of Citations

Well, anyone who would know anything about a Decathlon would have had to been there to know it and anyone who flies those things can't be all bad! Had a 7GCBC for years and "Darlin'" and I went all over the place together. She was one sweet bird, but when her wings went, I let her go to a new home at a fair price. No problem with Pipers of any tribe. And, if you got the ticket, well, then, it beats being a permanently-moored ground pounder any day!!
 
J

Jim

I understood.... thanks Howie !

In defense, I want to thank Howie for 'not' using the politically correct term of 'weatherhealm' instead of 'weathervaning' into the wind. I had read the H22 owners reviews and their reviews loved the boat in many regards (build quality, etc.), but almost without exception the owners stated the 'severe weatherhelming' of this boat. Example post: "The boat is very sensitive to weatherhelming. With the 110 up and winds around 15 mph, the boat will round up into the wind in a heartbeat. Took a while to get use to that. I scared many a powerboat who was coming at me in gusty conditions the first few times I had the boat out.In 10mph winds with the 155 jib up the weather helm is less pronounced.I've gotten the boat up to 5 knots in 15 mph winds.This boat loves to heel.". Unfort, for us newbies that did not know what the term 'weatherhelm', 'weathervaning' would have been the perfect discriptor ! Since that day in 23knot (not mph) winds pluis gusts, I have learned that yes... this boat does weatherhelm on a sneeze, as well as what those strings are used for on the mains (reefing the sails comes in handy as the winds here on Marco during the late day are seldom less that 15 knots). I have not tried using just a mail or just a jib yet to see how that works. Which I think is a great point that Howie touched on.... I see much jargon on the posts, and someday I will understand that jargon (e.g.: what the heck is a 110 vs a 155 jib ?). But it is a perceptive person that writes to the level of the reader so as to foster their understanding. Plus.. .having spend some time in Dallas helps me understand those Texans ! ha ha Happy holidays to all and happy sailing. I'm already thinking of my next boat after I learn with this one for a few months. Jim Dunlea
 
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