General Rules of "Thumb" for estimating Hp
Here are some general sailing calculations to calculate the horse power required for a generic sailboat, these calculations are based on theoretical conditions (i.e., no current, wind resistance, drag, 100% efficiency, etc.) and should be used for comparison purposes only.Hull Speed FormulaDetermines the theoretical boat speed for a displacement hull shape. This formula assumes that there is no current, no wind resistance and the hull is clean and free of objects that could cause excess drag in the water.Hull Speed = (1.34)*(LWL^1/2) = In KnotsHorsepower Required for Hull SpeedDetermines the theoretical horsepower required for a displacement hull shape to reach hull speed. This formula assumes that there is no current, no wind resistance and the hull is clean and free of objects that could cause excess drag in the water.Horsepower = Displacement/{(150^2 /(Hull Speed^2)}As can be seen from this equation doubling the speed requires 4 times the horsepower.Maximum Boat Speed for a PropellerAs a propeller turns, its pitch determines how far it travels through the water. No propeller is 100% efficient so that in reality it "slips" by moving water aside rather than straight backward. For a planing hull shape, this propeller slip can be as low as 10%. For a displacement hull shape with a high speed propeller, this slip is usually around 45%.This means that the maximum vessel speed is a function of the shaft speed in revolutions per minute, the pitch of the propeller, and the amount of propeller slip.Assuming no propeller slip, the maximum boat speed will be:Boat Speed = (RPM * 60 * Pitch)/72913.2 = In KnotsIf the propeller slip is 45% then the propeller's forward motion is 55% utilized so the maximum speed for this combination would be:Boat Speed = {(RPM * 60 * Pitch)/72913.2}* 0.55 = In KnotsHowever, since the maximum boat speed is the theoretical boat speed for a displacement hull shape, the propeller will function with an inefficient slip. As a general rule, if you purchase a typical motor for use on a sailboat, you should instruct the dealer to provide the lowest pitch and largest diameter propeller possible consistent with the motor's designed operating speed and horsepower. The "standard" propellers provided with these motors will just not be efficient with a small sailboat since most "standard" propellers are designed to be used by planing hull shape boats(power boats). Either you will be running at 1/2 throttle and therefore never use all the available horsepower, or you will be running at full throttle and wasting the energy in propeller slip. Hope this infomation helps.Smooth sailingClyde