The Impeller Is Not Running Dry
Unless it is the first start of the season, there is water in the impeller housing which will lubricate the impeller for a little while. I don't think you would want to run it more than a minute, but once the diesel starts it doesn't require breaking a leg to get to the intake shutoff and turning it on. I take the impeller out for the winter so none of the blades are bent over for several months at a time. When I reinstall it, I put a light coat of Vasaline on it to lubricate it until the water starts to flow. That also will cause it to start pumping more quickly as well.With all of that said, I normally start with the valve open. The only reason I would close it would be if the diesel doesn't start immediately. In that case I close the valve and then go back to cranking the diesel, bleeding the lines, etc., until I get it going. Then I reopen the thru hull.